The roles of membrane transporters in arsenic uptake, translocation and detoxification in plants
The roles of membrane transporters in arsenic uptake, translocation and detoxification in plants
复制标题
膜转运蛋白在植物砷吸收、转运和解毒中的作用
DOI：
10.1080/10643389.2020.1795053
复制
发表时间：
2020-07
影响因子：
12.6
通讯作者：
Zhong Tang;F. Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhong Tang;F. Zhao
摘要砷（As）是一种毒性最大的环境污染物，广泛分布于环境中。全世界有数百万人因饮用水和饮食摄入砷而遭受砷中毒。减少粮食作物中砷的积累对于食品安全和公共卫生具有重要意义。限制As在粮食作物中的积累或对As污染土壤的植物修复依赖于对As在植物中吸收和迁移的详细了解。植物吸收和转运不同形态的砷是通过不同的膜转运蛋白实现的，这些膜转运蛋白定位于不同的组织或细胞类型，具有不同的方向。这些转运蛋白中的许多负责必需或有益营养素的摄取和转运，但也可以由于不完美的选择性而无意中转运As物种。本文综述了植物中转运蛋白在砷吸收、转运、积累和解毒过程中的作用及其调控机制。这些转运蛋白的潜在用途进行了讨论，育种或基因工程作物的低砷积累或植物修复。图形摘要
Abstract Arsenic (As) is one of the most toxic environmental contaminants that is ubiquitously distributed in the environment. Millions of people worldwide suffer from As poisoning due to As exposure from drinking water and dietary intake. Reducing As accumulation in food crops is of great importance for food safety and public health. Limiting As accumulation in food crops or phytoremediation of As-contaminated soil depend on a detailed understanding of As uptake and transport in plants. Plants take up and transport different As species via various membrane transporters that are localized in different tissues or cell types and with different orientations. Many of these transporters are responsible for the uptake and translocation of essential or beneficial nutrients, but can also transport As species inadvertently due to imperfect selectivity. Herein, we summarize the roles of transporters involved in the uptake, transport, accumulation and detoxification of different As species and the regulation mechanisms of these transporters in plants. Potential uses of these transporters for breeding or genetic engineering crops of low As accumulation or plants for phytoremediation are also discussed. Graphical Abstract