Predicting rates of consumer-mediated nutrient cycling by a diverse herbivore assemblage
Predicting rates of consumer-mediated nutrient cycling by a diverse herbivore assemblage
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预测不同食草动物组合消费者介导的营养循环速率
DOI：
10.1007/s00227-018-3422-z
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Bernatchez, Genevieve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bracken, Matthew E.;Oates, Jill M.;Badten, Alexander J.;Bernatchez, Genevieve
食草动物通过自上而下地消耗初级生产者和自下而上地循环营养物质来调节初级生产者的丰度。虽然食草动物对海洋生态系统中藻类的自上而下的影响已经有了很好的记录，但关于它们作为局部规模营养物质可获得性的介体所起的作用却知之甚少。2016年10月至2017年6月，我们在美国南加州海岸(北纬33°35‘16.3“，西经117°52’1.5”)的潮间带进行了一系列调查和测量。我们在野外调查了食草动物的丰度，测量了来自四个不同食草动物种群(角螺、帽螺、石鳖和斑头螺)的生物量，测量了铵的排泄率，并量化了我们研究地点潮汐塘中的铵积累速率。我们发现，不同的食草动物群体具有不同的单位生物量排氨率。一些食草动物群体--斑头螺和石鳖--贡献的铵比它们的生物量预测的要多，而其他食草动物群体--斑头螺和帽贝--贡献的铵比生物量预测的要少。由于不同放牧者群体之间的差异，根据不同放牧者群体的氨氮排泄率，可以有效地预测本研究地点潮汐塘中的铵累积速率。然而，氨氮积累速率与食草动物总生物量之间并不相关。我们的结果强调了食草动物身份的重要性--特别是对营养循环有不成比例贡献的物种，如斑嘴螺--在理解食草动物作为海洋系统自下而上过程的中介者的贡献方面的作用。
Herbivores mediate the abundances of primary producers both from the top-down, by consuming them, and from the bottom-up, by recycling nutrients. Whereas the top-down effects of herbivores on algae in marine ecosystems are well-documented, less is known about their roles as mediators of local-scale nutrient availability. We conducted a series of surveys and measurements of tide pools and the grazers in those pools between October of 2016 and June of 2017 at an intertidal site on the coast of Southern California, USA (33°35′16.3″N, 117°52′1.5″W). We surveyed grazer abundances in the field, measured biomass of representatives from four different grazer groups (littorine snails, limpets, chitons, and turban snails), measured ammonium excretion rates, and quantified ammonium accumulation rates in tide pools at our study site. We found that different grazer groups were characterized by different per-biomass ammonium excretion rates. Some grazer groups—turban snails and chitons—contributed more ammonium than predicted by their biomass, whereas other grazer groups—littorine snails and limpets—contributed less ammonium than predicted by biomass. Because of these differences between grazer groups, ammonium accumulation rates in tide pools at our study site were effectively predicted based on the ammonium excretion rates of the different grazer groups. However, ammonium accumulation rates were not related to total herbivore biomass. Our results highlight the importance of grazer identity—and particularly the role of species such as turban snails that contribute disproportionately to nutrient recycling—in understanding the contributions of grazers as mediators of bottom-up processes in marine systems.
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营养富集改变了物种丧失的后果
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Nessa E. O’Connor;M. E. Bracken;T. Crowe;I. Donohue
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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