Proceedings of the 5th Edoardo Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves, Tirrenia, Italy, 6-11 July 2003
Proceedings of the 5th Edoardo Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves, Tirrenia, Italy, 6-11 July 2003
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第五届爱德华多·阿马尔迪引力波会议论文集，意大利蒂雷尼亚，2003 年 7 月 6-11 日
DOI：
10.1088/0264-9381/21/5/e01
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
C. Bradaschia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Bradaschia
第五届Edoardo Amaldi引力波会议于2003年7月6日至11日在意大利比萨附近的Tirrenia举行。选择在那里举行会议是由GWIC（引力波国际委员会）在两年前在珀斯举行的最后一次阿马尔迪会议上做出的。Tirrenia是由比萨室女座小组提出的候选项目，预计室女座干涉仪将于2003年夏季完成。事实上，情况就是这样：Virgo在会议结束后20天由法国和意大利的研究、高等教育和技术部长主持开幕式。每天，在会议结束时，都有交通工具将与会者送往Virgo场址。具有重要意义的是，Cascina市长已接受以Edoardo Amaldi的名字命名通往Virgo遗址的道路的提议。Edoardo Amaldi会议以前曾举行过四次：在意大利弗拉斯卡蒂（1994年）、在瑞士日内瓦欧洲核子研究中心（1997年）、在美国帕萨迪纳加州理工学院（1999年）和在珀斯西澳大利亚大学（2001年）。这次会议是与GWIC达成协议组织的，现在被认为是引力波社区的主要会议，接待了来自世界各地参与引力波研究各个方面的科学家。今年会议的重点是运行探测器和正在调试的探测器的结果。这次会议吸引了250多名与会者，不仅有使用引力波探测器的实验学家，还有许多理论家。自2001年珀斯会议以来，情况发生了相当大的变化。位于华盛顿州汉福德和洛杉矶利文斯顿的LIGO干涉仪正在运行并采集数据，尽管尚未达到设计灵敏度。他们与GEO干涉仪（汉诺威，德国）同时进行科学运行，GEO干涉仪也在运行，日本的TAMA也在运行。如前所述，Virgo（意大利Cascina）已经完工，正在进入调试阶段。几个共振棒也在采集数据，特别是Explorer（欧洲核子研究中心，瑞士）和Nautilus（弗拉斯卡蒂，意大利），由罗马小组同时操作。我们已经习惯于看到来自世界各地的共振棒得出的数据和上限，这些数据和上限由IGEC合作进行分析，我们在这次会议上看到了更多的最新结果。但真实的新奇之处在于，干涉仪开始产生数据，各种可能的引力波源的振幅和事件发生率的上限正在推导出来。虽然这些限制在科学上还不有趣，但它们表明分析程序正在工作，并准备过滤预计很快就会出现的重要数据。大量的数据分析准备工作引发了一个非常有趣和大型的会议，超过了我们社区每年举办的年度GWEBIT数据分析研讨会。对新探测器即将产生重要数据的信心刺激了现有探测器（高级LIGO）的升级以及下一代探测器的研究和开发。这一点在关于先进技术、噪声源和未来探测器的会议上得到了体现，会议的重点是热噪声、镜体材料和涂层、低温镜和量子噪声。在关于空间探测器的会议上，全面介绍了这一领域令人印象深刻的进展和试飞准备工作。关于引力波源的会议除了审查不同频率范围内公认的候选源外，还讨论了空间探测器和地基探测器可能使用的新的源。不幸的是，最近发现的2.4小时脉冲双星当时还没有公布（自然，2003年12月）。这次会议的成功是由于许多人的工作，许多机构的支持和与会者所作的出色的科学工作。我们衷心感谢当地组织委员会，特别是露西娅·莉莉。她在会议前几个月做了大部分的筹备工作，并协调了苏珊娜·安蒂奇（EGO）、西尔维娅·贝尔纳迪和克劳迪娅·托法尼（INFN）的秘书小组。Mauro Giannini和Maurizio Garzella（INFN）提供了技术帮助，使会议每天都能顺利进行。国际咨询委员会，特别是其主席Eugenio Coccia的建议，对科学方案的编制非常宝贵。会议召集人的专家工作非常重要，有助于就所有主题提出有意义的意见。我们感谢使这次会议成为可能的机构。这次会议由欧洲引力观测站-Cascina和比萨国家核物理研究所举办，比萨大学的Cascina Dipartimento di Fisica Dipartimento di Pisa Dipartimento di Astronomia e Scienza dello Spazio dell'Universita Provincia di Pisa Scuola Normale Pizore-Pisa提供财政支助，比萨大学提供赞助。最后，我很高兴地感谢Andrew Wray管理会议记录的实现，并感谢裁判对本卷所载文章的细致审查。
The 5th Edoardo Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves took place in Tirrenia, near Pisa, Italy on 6-11 July 2003. The choice to hold the conference there was made by the GWIC (Gravitational Wave International Committee) at the last Amaldi conference two years previously in Perth. The Tirrenia candidature had been put forward by the Pisa Virgo team, anticipating that the Virgo interferometer would be completed by Summer 2003. This was, in fact, the case: Virgo was inaugurated by the French and Italian ministers for research, higher education and technology 20 days after the conference. Every day, at the end of the conference sessions, transport was available to take participants to the Virgo site. It is significant that the Mayor of Cascina has accepted the proposal to name the road giving access to the Virgo site after Edoardo Amaldi. The Edoardo Amaldi Conference has been held four times previously: in Frascati, Italy (1994), at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland (1997), at CalTech, Pasadena, USA (1999) and at the University of Western Australia, Perth (2001). This conference, organized in agreement with GWIC, is now considered to be the main meeting for the gravitational wave community, hosting scientists involved in the various aspects of gravitational wave research from all over the world. The focus of this year's conference was on results from operating detectors and those being commissioned. The conference attracted more than 250 participants, not only experimentalists working with gravitational wave detectors but also numerous theorists. Since the 2001 conference in Perth, the panorama has changed quite considerably. The LIGO interferometers, in Hanford, WA and Livingston, LA, are operative and taking data, albeit not yet at the design sensitivity. They perform science runs in coincidence with the GEO interferometer (Hannover, Germany), which is also operative, as is TAMA in Japan. As mentioned previously, Virgo (Cascina, Italy) has been completed and is entering the commissioning phase. Several resonating bars are also taking data, in particular Explorer (CERN, Switzerland) and Nautilus (Frascati, Italy), operated in coincidence by the Rome group. We are used to seeing data and upper limits derived by resonating bars from all over the world, analysed together by the IGEC collaboration, and we saw more recent results at this conference. But the real novelty is that interferometers are starting to produce data and upper limits are being derived for amplitudes and event rates for various possible gravitational wave sources. Although these limits are not yet scientifically interesting, they demonstrate that analysis programs are working and ready to filter the significant data that are expected to come soon. The enormous amount of work on data analysis preparation gave rise to a very interesting and large session over and above the annual GWDAW data analysis workshops promoted by our community every year. Confidence that new detectors are coming close to significant data production has stimulated upgrades for existing detectors (Advanced LIGO) and research and development into the next generation of detectors. This was shown in the sessions on advanced techniques, noise sources and future detectors, where attention was focused on thermal noise, mirror bulk material and coatings, cryogenic mirrors and quantum noise. In the session on space detectors, the impressive progress in this field and the preparation for test flights was thoroughly described. The session on gravitational wave sources, besides reviewing accepted candidate sources in different frequency ranges, also addressed possible new sources for both space detectors and ground-based detectors. Unfortunately, the recently discovered 2.4 hour binary pulsar had not then been announced (Nature, December 2003). The success of this conference was due to the work of many people, to the support of many institutions and to the excellent scientific work contributed by the participants. We warmly thank the Local Organizing Committee and, in particular, Lucia Lilli. She did most of the preparatory work in the months before the conference and coordinated the secretarial group of Susanna Antichi (EGO), Silvia Bernardi and Claudia Tofani (INFN). Mauro Giannini and Maurizio Garzella (INFN) provided the technical help that made the conference run smoothly every day. The advice of the International Advisory Committee and, in particular, of its chairman Eugenio Coccia, was very valuable in the preparation of the scientific programme. The expert work of the session conveners was very important in stimulating interesting contributions on all subjects. We are grateful to the institutions that made this conference possible. The conference was organized by European Gravitational Observatory-Cascina and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Pisa with the financial support of Comune di Cascina Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universita di Pisa Dipartimento di Astronomia e Scienza dello Spazio dell'Universita di Firenze Provincia di Pisa Scuola Normale Superiore-Pisa and the sponsorship of Comune di Pisa. Finally, it is a pleasure to thank Andrew Wray for managing the realization of the conference proceedings and the referees for their meticulous reviews of the articles contained in this volume.