Neo-sex chromosomes in the black muntjac recapitulate incipient evolution of mammalian sex chromosomes.
Neo-sex chromosomes in the black muntjac recapitulate incipient evolution of mammalian sex chromosomes.
复制标题
黑麂的新性染色体再现了哺乳动物性染色体的早期进化。
DOI：
10.1186/gb-2008-9-6-r98
复制
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Wang W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Q;Wang J;Huang L;Nie W;Wang J;Liu Y;Zhao X;Yang F;Wang W
黑麂新生的性染色体表明，调控突变可以加速Y染色体的退化，并有助于剂量补偿的进一步进化。正常哺乳动物的X和Y染色体至少在1.66亿至1.48亿年前彼此分开，几乎没有留下它们早期进化的痕迹，包括Y染色体的退化和剂量补偿的进化。我们研究了黑麂的有趣案例，在过去的50万年里，最近的X-常染色体融合和随后的大常染色体倒位导致了与传统X-Y（新性染色体）相同的遗传模式。我们比较了35-脱氢酶非编码区和23对同源性染色体上的基因组进化模式。我们发现，neo-Y等位基因积累了更多的突变，包括各种各样的突变类型，这表明重组的停止，并与正在进行的neo-Y变性过程相一致。在8个研究基因的编码区以及2个管家基因的顺式调控区中观察到推定的有害突变。体内试验的特征在于CLTC基因的启动子中的neo-Y插入，其导致等位基因表达的显著降低。基因SNX 22的3 '-非翻译区中的新-Y-连锁缺失消除了microRNA靶位点。最后，表达分析揭示了neo-Y和neo-X等位基因之间表达差异的复杂模式。黑麂新生性染色体系统是研究哺乳动物性染色体进化的重要模型。我们的研究结果说明了在不同的基因组区域的退化情况。特别重要的是，我们报告-第一次-监管突变可能能够加速退化过程的Y和剂量补偿的进一步演变作出贡献。
The nascent neo-sex chromosomes of black muntjacs show that regulatory mutations could accelerate the degeneration of the Y chromosome and contribute to the further evolution of dosage compensation. The regular mammalian X and Y chromosomes diverged from each other at least 166 to 148 million years ago, leaving few traces of their early evolution, including degeneration of the Y chromosome and evolution of dosage compensation. We studied the intriguing case of black muntjac, in which a recent X-autosome fusion and a subsequent large autosomal inversion within just the past 0.5 million years have led to inheritance patterns identical to the traditional X-Y (neo-sex chromosomes). We compared patterns of genome evolution in 35-kilobase noncoding regions and 23 gene pairs on the homologous neo-sex chromosomes. We found that neo-Y alleles have accumulated more mutations, comprising a wide variety of mutation types, which indicates cessation of recombination and is consistent with an ongoing neo-Y degeneration process. Putative deleterious mutations were observed in coding regions of eight investigated genes as well as cis-regulatory regions of two housekeeping genes. In vivo assays characterized a neo-Y insertion in the promoter of the CLTC gene that causes a significant reduction in allelic expression. A neo-Y-linked deletion in the 3'-untranslated region of gene SNX22 abolished a microRNA target site. Finally, expression analyses revealed complex patterns of expression divergence between neo-Y and neo-X alleles. The nascent neo-sex chromosome system of black muntjacs is a valuable model in which to study the evolution of sex chromosomes in mammals. Our results illustrate the degeneration scenarios in various genomic regions. Of particular importance, we report - for the first time - that regulatory mutations were probably able to accelerate the degeneration process of Y and contribute to further evolution of dosage compensation.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2000.0717
发表时间：
2000-11-29
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Charlesworth, B;Charlesworth, D
通讯作者：
Charlesworth, D
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gupta V;Parisi M;Sturgill D;Nuttall R;Doctolero M;Dudko OK;Malley JD;Eastman PS;Oliver B
通讯作者：
Oliver B
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Bachtrog, Doris
通讯作者：
Bachtrog, Doris
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504070102
发表时间：
2005-10-04
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Drummond, DA;Bloom, JD;Arnold, FH
通讯作者：
Arnold, FH
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Berlin, S;Brandström, M;Ellegren, H
通讯作者：
Ellegren, H