Neuroendocrinology of Sex-Role Reversal
Neuroendocrinology of Sex-Role Reversal
复制标题
性别角色逆转的神经内分泌学
DOI：
10.1093/icb/icaa046
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Rosvall, Kimberly A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lipshutz, Sara E;Rosvall, Kimberly A
某些物种的雌性被认为是性别角色颠倒的，这意味着与雄性相比，它们面临着更激烈的择偶竞争。尽管人们对与性别角色逆转相关的行为和形态模式给予了很多关注，但对其生理调节却知之甚少。在这里，我们评估与性别角色逆转的神经内分泌基础相关的假设。我们反驳了经过最广泛检验的关于雄激素分泌性别差异的激活假说；性别角色颠倒的女性循环中的雄激素水平并不高于男性。然而，我们发现一些证据表明雄激素的影响可能具有性别特异性。循环雄激素水平与性别角色逆转女性的一些竞争表型相关。我们还回顾了性别角色逆转的女性比男性对雄激素具有更高的组织特异性敏感性的证据，至少在某些物种和组织中是这样。组织效应可以解释这些关系，因为早期接触性类固醇可以塑造后来对激素的敏感性，通常以性别特异性的方式。展望未来，对性别角色逆转的个体发育和表达的实验和相关研究将进一步阐明产生性别特异性行为和性别角色的机制。
Females of some species are considered sex-role reversed, meaning that they face stronger competition for mates compared to males. While much attention has been paid to behavioral and morphological patterns associated with sex-role reversal, less is known about its physiological regulation. Here, we evaluate hypotheses relating to the neuroendocrine basis of sex-role reversal. We refute the most widely tested activational hypothesis for sex differences in androgen secretion; sex-role reversed females do not have higher levels of androgens in circulation than males. However, we find some evidence that the effects of androgens may be sex-specific; circulating androgen levels correlate with some competitive phenotypes in sex-role reversed females. We also review evidence that sex-role reversed females have higher tissue-specific sensitivity to androgens than males, at least in some species and tissues. Organizational effects may explain these relationships, considering that early exposure to sex steroids can shape later sensitivity to hormones, often in sex-specific ways. Moving forward, experimental and correlative studies on the ontogeny and expression of sex-role reversal will further clarify the mechanisms that generate sex-specific behaviors and sex roles.