Risk Communication Strategies: Lessons Learned from Previous Disasters with a Focus on the Fukushima Radiation Accident
Risk Communication Strategies: Lessons Learned from Previous Disasters with a Focus on the Fukushima Radiation Accident
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风险沟通策略：从以往灾难中吸取的教训，重点是福岛辐射事故
DOI：
10.1007/s40572-016-0111-2
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
M. Tondel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Svendsen;I. Yamaguchi;T. Tsuda;J. Guimarães;M. Tondel
既要减轻健康后果又要有效地向受福岛放射性灾难影响的公众提供健康风险信息是很困难的。通常，这些活动中存在截然不同的公共卫生道德，这使得风险沟通变得复杂。尽管在此类灾难中没有完美的风险沟通策略，但风险沟通的道德原则提供了良好的实践指导。这些讨论将在 1987 年巴西戈亚尼亚辐射暴露后吸取的类似教训的背景下进行； 1986年乌克兰切尔诺贝利核电站事故；以及2001年美国纽约世贸中心的袭击。这两种策略都不是完美的，也没有致命的缺陷。然而，这次讨论和之前事件的教训应该有助于决策者在类似的环境健康灾难中制定困难的风险沟通策略。
It has been difficult to both mitigate the health consequences and effectively provide health risk information to the public affected by the Fukushima radiological disaster. Often, there are contrasting public health ethics within these activities which complicate risk communication. Although no risk communication strategy is perfect in such disasters, the ethical principles of risk communication provide good practical guidance. These discussions will be made in the context of similar lessons learned after radiation exposures in Goiania, Brazil, in 1987; the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident, Ukraine, in 1986; and the attack at the World Trade Center, New York, USA, in 2001. Neither of the two strategies is perfect nor fatally flawed. Yet, this discussion and lessons from prior events should assist decision makers with navigating difficult risk communication strategies in similar environmental health disasters.