Deradicalization or disengagement? A process in need of clarity and a counterterrorism initiative in need of evaluation
Deradicalization or disengagement? A process in need of clarity and a counterterrorism initiative in need of evaluation
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去激进化还是脱离接触？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Horgan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Horgan
由于压倒性地专注于揭露激进化为恐怖主义活动的过程，很少注意到与恐怖主义脱离接触和去激进化的相关但不同的过程。这种持续的忽视是具有讽刺意味的，因为可能正是在对脱离接触的分析中，反恐的实际举措才可能在制定中变得更加明显，在执行中变得更加可行。虽然世界各地的各种去激进化举措目前受到极大关注，但它们不可避免地要受到对其所谓成果和所谓成功的审查。然而，一个更直接的挑战是在概念和术语上作出澄清。虽然去激进化已经成为反恐领域最近的一个问题，但我们必须将其与脱离接触区分开来，并强调它们不仅不同，而且仅仅因为一个人将恐怖主义抛在身后，它很少意味着（甚至必须）一个人变得“去激进化”。这种区分所产生的几个影响之一可能是更现实地评估我们对脱离过程的知识和理解（而不是不明确和概念化不佳的去激进化努力）如何在研究议程的中短期发展中得到有效利用。
As a result of the overwhelming preoccupation with uncovering the process of radicalization into terrorist activity, little attention has been paid to the related, yet distinct processes of disengagement and deradicalization from terrorism. This continuing neglect is ironic because it may be in the analysis of disengagement that practical initiatives for counterterrorism may become more apparent in their development and feasible in their execution. While a variety of deradicalization initiatives worldwide are currently receiving enormous interest, it is inevitable they be subjected to scrutiny regarding their alleged outcomes and claimed successes. A more immediate challenge, however, is to assert some conceptual and terminological clarity. While deradicalization has become a recent concern within counterterrorism, it is critical that we distinguish it from disengagement and stress that not only are they different, but that just because one leaves terrorism behind, it rarely implies (or even necessitates) that one become ‘deradicalized’. One of several implications arising from this distinction may be a more realistic appraisal of how our knowledge and understanding of the disengagement processes (and not undefined and poorly conceptualized deradicalization efforts) may be put to effective use in the short-medium term development of research agendas.