Effect of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia and soil type on the control of crown rot in wheat
Effect of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia and soil type on the control of crown rot in wheat
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1004377801490
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发表时间：
1998-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Wong, PTW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Y;Wong, PTW
一株抗利福平的洋葱伯克霍尔德菌（A3R）在温室和田间试验中显著减轻了小麦冠腐病症状（P <等于0.05），在两个田间试验中有一个显著提高了粮食产量（P <等于0.05）。在温室试验中，将细菌作为土壤水剂（2.5 × 10(9) cfu/g土壤）施用比将细菌包膜在小麦种子上（3.4 × 10(7) cfu/g土壤）更有效。在田间试验中，细菌以1.8 × 10(10) cfu/m行作为土壤淋雨剂施用。在温室和田间，接种细菌处理的淤泥壤土病害严重程度显著低于砂壤土。粉砂壤土中细粒粘土和粉砂颗粒所占比例较高（51.7%），这可能有利于引进的洋葱芽孢杆菌的生防活性和存活。在温室试验中，红洋葱芽孢杆菌对砂质壤土的控制显著大于对砂质壤土的控制，而砂质壤土对红洋葱芽孢杆菌的控制又显著大于对壤土的控制。壤土砂似乎有利于冠腐病的发展，但不利于细菌拮抗剂的活性或存活。后者反映在施用细菌后5周内从各种帆中重新分离出的利福平耐药菌的相对种群数（粉壤土b>砂壤土>壤土）。本研究进一步证实了土壤类型对某些细菌拮抗剂的种群数量和生物防治活性水平有影响。
A rifampicin-resistant isolate of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia (A3R) reduced crown rot (Fusarium graminearum Group 1) symptoms significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) in wheat in glasshouse and field experiments and increased grain yield significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) in one of two field experiments. In glasshouse experiments, applying the bacteria as a soil drench (2.5 x 10(9) cfu/g soil) was more effective than coating the bacteria on wheat seed (3.4 x 10(7) cfu/seed). In field experiments, the bacteria were applied as a soil drench at the rate of 1.8 x 10(10) cfu/m row. In both the glasshouse and the field, disease severity in the bacteria-inoculated treatments was significantly less in a silt loam than in a sandy loam. The silt loam had a large proportion of fine clay and silt particles (51.7%), which may have favoured the biocontrol activity and survival of the introduced B. cepacia. In a glasshouse experiment, control by B. cepacia was significantly greater in the silt loam than in the sandy loam, which in turn was greater than in a loamy sand. The loamy sand appeared to favour crown rot development but not the activity or survival of the bacterial antagonist. The latter was reflected by the relative populations of the rifampicin-resistant bacteria re-isolated from the various sails during a 5-week period after application of the bacteria (silt loam > sandy loam > loamy sand). This study further confirms that soil type can influence the populations and the level of biocontrol activity of some bacterial antagonists.