Injection fears and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
Injection fears and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291721002609
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Loe BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman D;Lambe S;Yu LM;Freeman J;Chadwick A;Vaccari C;Waite F;Rosebrock L;Petit A;Vanderslott S;Lewandowsky S;Larkin M;Innocenti S;McShane H;Pollard AJ;Loe BS
当疫苗接种依赖于注射时，血液注射伤害恐惧集群可能会导致犹豫，这是合理的。我们的主要目的是估计英国成年人口中因害怕血液注射损伤而对COVID-19疫苗犹豫不决的比例。总共有15014名英国成年人参加了（2021年1月19日至2月5日）一项非概率在线调查。牛津COVID-19疫苗犹豫量表评估了接种意图。两个量表（特定恐惧量表-血液注射-伤害恐惧和医疗恐惧调查-注射和血液分量表）评估血液注射-伤害恐惧。这些量表中的四个项目用于创建专门针对注射恐惧的因子评分。总共有3927例（26.2%）血液注射损伤恐惧症筛查阳性。与筛查阴性的个体（11.5%）相比，筛查阳性的个体（22.0%）更有可能报告COVID-19疫苗犹豫，比值比= 2.18，95%置信区间（CI）1.97-2.40，p < 0.001。群体归因分数（PAF）表明，如果不存在血液注射损伤恐惧症，则可以预防11.5%的疫苗犹豫病例，AF = 0.11; 95% CI 0.09-0.14，p < 0.001。COVID-19疫苗犹豫与特定恐惧量表（r = 0.22，p < 0.001）、医疗恐惧调查（r = 0.23，p <0.001）和注射恐惧（r = 0.25，p < 0.001）的得分较高相关。年轻人、黑人和亚洲族裔群体对注射的恐惧更高，这在一定程度上解释了为什么这些群体对疫苗的犹豫更高。在成年人群中，对血液注射损伤的恐惧可以解释大约10%的COVID-19疫苗犹豫病例。消除这种恐惧可能会提高疫苗接种计划的有效性。
When vaccination depends on injection, it is plausible that the blood-injection-injury cluster of fears may contribute to hesitancy. Our primary aim was to estimate in the UK adult population the proportion of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy explained by blood-injection-injury fears. In total, 15 014 UK adults, quota sampled to match the population for age, gender, ethnicity, income and region, took part (19 January–5 February 2021) in a non-probability online survey. The Oxford COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale assessed intent to be vaccinated. Two scales (Specific Phobia Scale-blood-injection-injury phobia and Medical Fear Survey–injections and blood subscale) assessed blood-injection-injury fears. Four items from these scales were used to create a factor score specifically for injection fears. In total, 3927 (26.2%) screened positive for blood-injection-injury phobia. Individuals screening positive (22.0%) were more likely to report COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy compared to individuals screening negative (11.5%), odds ratio = 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.97–2.40, p < 0.001. The population attributable fraction (PAF) indicated that if blood-injection-injury phobia were absent then this may prevent 11.5% of all instances of vaccine hesitancy, AF = 0.11; 95% CI 0.09–0.14, p < 0.001. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was associated with higher scores on the Specific Phobia Scale, r = 0.22, p < 0.001, Medical Fear Survey, r = 0.23, p = <0.001 and injection fears, r = 0.25, p < 0.001. Injection fears were higher in youth and in Black and Asian ethnic groups, and explained a small degree of why vaccine hesitancy is higher in these groups. Across the adult population, blood-injection-injury fears may explain approximately 10% of cases of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Addressing such fears will likely improve the effectiveness of vaccination programmes.