Cranial synchondroses of primates at birth
Cranial synchondroses of primates at birth
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灵长类动物出生时颅骨软骨病
DOI：
10.1002/ar.24521
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Burrows, Anne M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Timothy D.;Reynolds, Rebecca L.;Mano, Nanami;Wood, Brody J.;Oladipupo, Lanre;Hughes, Gabriel K.;Corbin, Hayley M.;Taylor, Jane;Ufelle, Alexander;Burrows, Anne M.
颅联合软骨是颅基骨之间或颅基骨与中隔软骨之间的软骨关节，被认为在颅面形态的决定中具有潜在的积极作用。然而，很少有研究对它们进行组织学检查。采用组织学和免疫组织化学方法，对9种灵长类动物（5种类人猿，4种链球菌）新生儿头部的连续矢状切片进行了所有颅底关节的检查。检查每个关节软骨活跃生长中心的特征，包括增殖和肥大软骨细胞的带状分布，以及相应的基质特征变化（即II型胶原的密度和组织）。结果显示，所有物种（蝶枕、蝶内、蝶间隔前）的三个中线关节和三个双侧关节均具有活跃生长中心的特征。一个中线软骨联合症（ethmoseptal）和一个双侧软骨联合症（alibasisphenoidal chondrosis [ABS]）是一些但不是所有新生灵长类动物的活跃生长中心。与狐猴和丛林婴儿相比，猴子的ABS定位更靠前。蝶筛软骨联合症（SES）在出生时不同：在猴子中，它是一种类似缝线的关节（即两骨之间的纤维组织）；然而，在链球菌中，蝶状颈椎骨骨化，而蝶缝骨仍为软骨。没有任何物种具有具有生长板组织的SES。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，只有四种中线联合软骨在围产期有可能积极影响基本颅角和面部定向，而类人猿的SES基本上向“缝合样”功能过渡，允许出生后被动生长。SES软骨连续性的丧失和ABS的重新定位将猴子与链球菌区分开来。
Cranial synchondroses are cartilaginous joints between basicranial bones or between basicranial bones and septal cartilage, and have been implicated as having a potential active role in determining craniofacial form. However, few studies have examined them histologically. Using histological and immunohistochemical methods, we examined all basicranial joints in serial sagittal sections of newborn heads from nine genera of primates (five anthropoids, four strepsirrhines). Each synchondrosis was examined for characteristics of active growth centers, including a zonal distribution of proliferating and hypertrophic chondrocytes, as well as corresponding changes in matrix characteristics (i.e., density and organization of Type II collagen). Results reveal three midline and three bilateral synchondroses possess attributes of active growth centers in all species (sphenooccipital, intrasphenoidal, presphenoseptal). One midline synchondrosis (ethmoseptal) and one bilateral synchondrosis (alibasisphenoidal synchondrosis [ABS]) are active growth centers in some but not all newborn primates. ABS is oriented more anteriorly in monkeys compared to lemurs and bushbabies. The sphenoethmoidal synchondrosis (SES) varies at birth: in monkeys, it is a suture‐like joint (i.e., fibrous tissue between the two bones); however, in strepsirrhines, the jugum sphenoidale is ossified while the mesethmoid remains cartilaginous. No species possesses an SES that has the organization of a growth plate. Overall, our findings demonstrate that only four midline synchondroses have the potential to actively affect basicranial angularity and facial orientation during the perinatal timeframe, while the SES of anthropoids essentially transitions toward a “suture‐like” function, permitting passive growth postnatally. Loss of cartilaginous continuity at SES and reorientation of ABS distinguish monkeys from strepsirrhines.
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影响因子：
8.5
作者：
N. Kember
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Sang Koo Lee;Kwan Park;D. Kong;Yang;C. Baek;D. Nam;J. Lee;Seung;H. Shin;W. Eoh;Jong Hyun Kim
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DOI：
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W. M. Krogman
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