Recent advances in zinc–air batteries: self-standing inorganic nanoporous metal films as air cathodes
Recent advances in zinc–air batteries: self-standing inorganic nanoporous metal films as air cathodes
复制标题
锌空气电池最新进展：自支撑无机纳米多孔金属薄膜作为空气阴极
DOI：
10.1039/d3cc00742a
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Yang, Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Jinfa;Yang, Yang
锌空气电池（ZABs）具有高安全性、高功率密度、环保、低成本等优点，作为下一代电化学能源系统具有广阔的发展前景。然而，用于ZABs的空气阴极仍然面临许多挑战，例如碳基材料在高电流密度/高电压下的催化活性低和稳定性差。为了实现可充电ZABs的高活性和稳定性，需要化学和电化学稳定的空气阴极，具有双功能氧还原反应(ORR)/析氧反应（OER）活性，与低铂族金属（PGM）负载或无铂族金属（PGM）材料的快速反应速率，这是普通电催化剂难以实现的。同时，无机纳米孔金属薄膜（INMFs）作为独立的空气阴极，在高碱性条件下具有较高的ORR/OER活性和稳定性。INMFs具有高表面积、三维通道和可控制晶体生长面/方向的多孔结构，是ZABs空气阴极的理想候选材料。在本文中，我们首先回顾了评估ZABs性能的一些关键描述符，并推荐了标准测试和报告方式。然后总结了低铂、低钯和无pgm基材料作为可充电ZABs空气阴极的最新进展，这些材料具有低/无pgm负载。深入探讨了INMFs与ZABs的结构-组成-性能关系。最后，我们对inmf向可充电ZABs的进一步发展提出了我们的观点，以及当前需要解决的问题。这项工作不仅将吸引研究人员的注意力，指导他们更准确地评估和报告ZABs的性能，而且还将激发更多创新策略，推动INMFS在ZABs和其他能源相关技术中的实际应用。
Zinc–air batteries (ZABs) have promising prospects as next-generation electrochemical energy systems due to their high safety, high power density, environmental friendliness, and low cost. However, the air cathodes used in ZABs still face many challenges, such as the low catalytic activity and poor stability of carbon-based materials at high current density/voltage. To achieve high activity and stability of rechargeable ZABs, chemically and electrochemically stable air cathodes with bifunctional oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)/oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity, fast reaction rate with low platinum group metal (PGM) loading or PGM-free materials are required, which are difficult to achieve with common electrocatalysts. Meanwhile, inorganic nanoporous metal films (INMFs) have many advantages as self-standing air cathodes, such as high activity and stability for both the ORR/OER under highly alkaline conditions. The high surface area, three-dimensional channels, and porous structure with controllable crystal growth facet/direction make INMFs an ideal candidate as air cathodes for ZABs. In this review, we first revisit some critical descriptors to assess the performance of ZABs, and recommend the standard test and reported manner. We then summarize the recent progress of low-Pt, low-Pd, and PGM-free-based materials as air cathodes with low/non-PGM loading for rechargeable ZABs. The structure–composition–performance relationship between INMFs and ZABs is discussed in-depth. Finally, we provide our perspectives on the further development of INMFs towards rechargeable ZABs, as well as current issues that need to be addressed. This work will not only attract researchers’ attention and guide them to assess and report the performance of ZABs more accurately, but also stimulate more innovative strategies to drive the practical application of INMFS for ZABs and other energy-related technologies.