Sodium menu labelling: priorities for research and policy
Sodium menu labelling: priorities for research and policy
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s1368980020003961
复制
发表时间：
2021-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
McGinty, Emma E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander, Eleanore;Rutkow, Lainie;McGinty, Emma E.
目的：了解美国州和地方政策制定者考虑的不同 Na 菜单标签方法，并总结 Na 菜单标签与餐馆提供或消费者购买的菜单项中 Na 含量之间关系的证据。设计：使用法律数据库和在线搜索对州和地方各级拟议和颁布的 Na 菜单标签法进行审查，并对同行评审文献进行叙述性审查，以了解餐馆提供或消费者购买的菜单项中 Na 含量与 Na 菜单标签之间的关系。背景：地方和州美国司法管辖区参与者：不适用。结果：2000 年至 2020 年间，共有 38 项法律（其中 11 项为地方级法律，27 项为州级法律）被提议要求在餐厅菜单上贴上 Na 标签。到 2020 年，颁布了八项法律，要求连锁餐厅在菜单项上标注钠含量。五项研究评估了钠菜单标签对美国餐馆提供或消费者购买的菜单项钠含量的影响。这些研究的结果好坏参半：两项研究表明钠菜单标签与菜单项钠含量降低之间存在统计学上显着的关联；结论：数据表明钠菜单标签可能会减少餐厅菜单中的钠，但需要进一步严格研究评估钠菜单标签对菜单项中钠含量以及消费者购买的菜单项中钠含量的影响。
Objective:To understand the different Na menu labelling approaches that have been considered by state and local policymakers in the USA and to summarise the evidence on the relationship between Na menu labelling and Na content of menu items offered by restaurants or purchased by consumers.Design:Proposed and enacted Na menu labelling laws at the state and local levels were reviewed using legal databases and an online search, and a narrative review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted on the relationship between Na menu labelling and Na content of menu items offered by restaurants or purchased by consumers.Setting:Local and state jurisdictions in the USAParticipants:Not applicable.Results:Between 2000 and 2020, thirty-eight laws - eleven at the local level and twenty-seven at the state level - were proposed to require Na labelling of restaurant menu items. By 2020, eight laws were enacted requiring chain restaurants to label the Na content of menu items. Five studies were identified that evaluated the impact of Na menu labelling on Na content of menu items offered by restaurants or purchased by consumers in the USA. The studies had mixed results: two studies showed a statistically significant association between Na menu labelling and reduced Na content of menu items; three showed no effects.Conclusion:Data suggest that Na menu labelling may reduce Na in restaurant menu items, but further rigorous research evaluating Na menu labelling effects on Na content of menu items, as well as on the Na content in menu items purchased by consumers, is needed.