Bacterial diversity in agricultural soils during litter decomposition
Bacterial diversity in agricultural soils during litter decomposition
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.70.1.468-474.2004
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Munch, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dilly, O;Bloem, J;Munch, JC
利用变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）技术研究了农作物残体分解过程中土壤细菌群落的动态变化。测试了10个菌株，其中8个菌株产生单一条带。此外，菌株的混合物产生可区分的条带。因此，DGGE DNA带型用于估计细菌多样性。在尼龙袋凋落物进行的田间试验，以评估在可比的淋溶土和形成土在北方，中部和南部德国的分解过程中的细菌多样性和更难降解的黑麦和小麦材料。新鲜垫料中细菌DNA的量很少。DNA含量迅速增加后，凋落物添加到土壤中，特别是在快速分解的黑麦材料。同时，多样性指数，如Shannon-Weaver指数，均匀度和公平性，这是从细菌DNA条带的数量和相对丰度（强度）从编码16 S rRNA的基因扩增计算，在分解过程中增加。这一总趋势在任何时候对均衡和公平都不重要。这些指标均高于更耐降解的小麦秸秆比更容易分解的黑麦草。因此，DNA带型表明，随着分解的进行和底物质量的降低，细菌多样性增加。细菌多样性不同的网站在北方，中部和南部德国，其中相同的垃圾材料埋在土壤中。这表明，除了凋落物类型的气候，植被和周围土壤中的土著微生物影响凋落物中细菌群落的发展。
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of amplified fragments of genes coding for 16S rRNA was used to study the development of bacterial communities during decomposition of crop residues in agricultural soils. Ten strains were tested, and eight of these strains produced a single band. Furthermore, a mixture of strains yielded distinguishable bands. Thus, DGGE DNA band patterns were used to estimate bacterial diversity. A field experiment performed with litter in nylon bags was used to evaluate the bacterial diversity during the decomposition of readily degradable rye and more refractory wheat material in comparable luvisols and cambisols in northern, central, and southern Germany. The amount of bacterial DNA in the fresh litter was small. The DNA content increased rapidly after the litter was added to the soil, particularly in the rapidly decomposing rye material. Concurrently, diversity indices, such as the Shannon-Weaver index, evenness, and equitability, which were calculated from the number and relative abundance (intensity) of the bacterial DNA bands amplified from genes coding for 16S rRNA, increased during the course of decomposition. This general trend was not significant for evenness and equitability at any time. The indices were higher for the more degradation-resistant wheat straw than for the more easily decomposed rye grass. Thus, the DNA band patterns indicated that there was increasing bacterial diversity as decomposition proceeded and substrate quality decreased. The bacterial diversity differed for the sites in northern, central, and southern Germany, where the same litter material was buried in the soil. This shows that in addition to litter type climate, vegetation, and indigenous microbes in the surrounding soil affected the development of the bacterial communities in the litter.