Coping with forest fragmentation: The primates of Kibale National Park, Uganda
Coping with forest fragmentation: The primates of Kibale National Park, Uganda
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1005509119693
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发表时间：
2000-08-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Chapman, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Onderdonk, DA;Chapman, CA
保护生物学的一个目标是确定哪种物种最容易受到栖息地干扰，以及哪种受干扰的栖息地可以支持特定物种。为了解决这个问题，我们研究了乌干达基巴莱国家公园外的20片森林碎片。在每个斑块上，我们确定了灵长类物种的存在、树种组成、斑块大小和到最近的干枯地的距离。我们收集了阿比西尼亚黑白疣猴（colbus guereza）的人口统计学行为和饮食数据。几乎所有的片段中都有黑白色疣子和红尾鬣蜥；彭南特红疣（原疣）和黑猩猩（类人猿）的部分片段；蓝猴（Cercopithecus mitis）和灰颊白眉猴（Lophocebus albigena）在所有片段中均未发现。没有任何物种特征——栖息地大小、种群大小或食果程度——能预测物种在斑块中生活的能力。斑块的特征——面积、到最近斑块的距离、到基巴莱的距离或现有食物树的数量——不能预测某一特定物种在干旱地区的存在，但到基巴莱的距离可能影响红疣虫的存在。黑白疣体群大小在森林斑块中明显小于在基巴莱连续森林中。在同一块土地上的一组黑白疣虫，食用植物种类和活动范围大小与Kibale地区的一组疣虫非常不同。然而，他们的活动预算和食用的植物部分与Kibale群体非常相似。缺乏强有力的预测变量，以及其他研究之间的差异，以及我们对灵长类动物对碎片化反应的一概而论的谨慎。
A goal of conservation biology is to determine which types of species are most susceptible to habitat disturbance and which types of disturbed habitats can support particular species. We studied 20 forest fragments outside of Kibale National Park, Uganda, to address this question. At each patch, we determined the presence of primate species, tree species composition, patch size, and distance to nearest parch. We collected demographic behavioral, and dietary data for Abyssinian black-and-white colobus (Colobus guereza). Black-and-white colobus and red-tailed guenons (Cercopithecus ascanius) were in almost all fragments; Pennant's red colobus (Procolobus pennantii) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) were in some fragments; and blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis) and gray-cheeked mangabeys (Lophocebus albigena) were absent from all fragments. No species characteristics-home range body size, group size, or degree of frugivory-predicted the ability of species to live in patches. No characteristics of patches-area, distance to the nearest patch, distance to Kibale, or number of food trees present-predicted the presence of a particular species in a parch, but distance to Kibale may have influenced presence of red colobus. Black-and-white colobus group size was significantly smaller in the forest patches than in the continuous forest of Kibale. For a group of black-and-white colobus in one patch, food plant species and home range size were very different from those of a group within Kibale. However, their activity budget and plant parts eaten were quire similar to those of the Kibale group. The lack of strong predictive variables as well as differences between other studies of fragmentation and ours caution against making generalizations about primate responses to fragmentation.