The functional analysis of auditory discrimination.
The functional analysis of auditory discrimination.
复制标题
听觉辨别的功能分析。
DOI：
10.1121/1.390985
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. M. Harrison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. M. Harrison
哺乳动物已经进化出获得听觉辨别的能力。这种辨别能力的特征大概符合辨别能力通常获得的自然条件。本文的目的是回顾实验，这些实验旨在表明，听觉歧视是最迅速收购时，自然特征被纳入实验。实验还旨在发现辨别能力的潜在特征。当动物被训练辨别声源的位置时，其中自然特征被纳入实验中，在一次试验中获得了辨别力。对自然特征的操纵表明，一次试验性采集取决于以下几点。(1)刺激新奇;在新奇刺激的存在下，强化的效果比熟悉的刺激更强。(2)强化的特定行为效应;在新的听觉刺激存在下强化反应的效果是增加接近和操纵声源的强度。
Mammals have evolved the ability to acquire auditory discriminations. The characteristics of this discriminative ability presumably fit the natural conditions under which discriminations are normally acquired. The purpose of this paper is to review experiments which were directed at showing that auditory discriminations are most rapidly acquired when natural features are incorporated into the experiments. The experiments were also directed at discovering the underlying characteristics of the discriminative ability. When animals were trained to discriminate the position of a sound source in which natural features were incorporated into the experiment, the discrimination was acquired in one trial. Manipulation of the natural features suggested that one trial acquisition depends upon the following. (1) Stimulus novelty; the effect of reinforcement is stronger in the presence of novel than familiar stimuli. (2) Specific behavioral effect of reinforcement; the effect of reinforcing a response in the presence of a novel auditory stimulus is to increase the strength of approaching and manipulating the sound source.