Seasonal copepod lipid pump promotes carbon sequestration in the deep North Atlantic
Seasonal copepod lipid pump promotes carbon sequestration in the deep North Atlantic
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1512110112
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发表时间：
2015-09-29
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Heath, Michael R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jonasdottir, Sigrun Huld;Visser, Andre W.;Heath, Michael R.
对深海碳通量的估计对于我们理解全球碳收支至关重要。碎屑物质的下沉(“生物泵”)通常被认为是这种通量的主要生物成分。在这里，我们发现了另一种生物机制--季节性“脂泵”，它可以高效地将碳封存到深海中。它涉及到越冬浮游动物对富含碳脂的垂直运输和代谢。我们发现，一种名为Calanus finmarchicus的桡足类动物在北大西洋过冬，它可以吸收相当于碎屑物质下沉通量的碳。脂泵的效率来自于营养循环和碳循环之间的近乎完全的脱钩--一种“脂分流”，以及它将碳通过中层带直接输送到永久性温跃层以下，而衰减很小。将脂泵包括在内，几乎是之前对北大西洋生物过程所致深海碳固定的估计的两倍。
Estimates of carbon flux to the deep oceans are essential for our understanding of global carbon budgets. Sinking of detrital material ("biological pump") is usually thought to be the main biological component of this flux. Here, we identify an additional biological mechanism, the seasonal "lipid pump," which is highly efficient at sequestering carbon into the deep ocean. It involves the vertical transport and metabolism of carbon rich lipids by over-wintering zooplankton. We show that one species, the copepod Calanus finmarchicus overwintering in the North Atlantic, sequesters an amount of carbon equivalent to the sinking flux of detrital material. The efficiency of the lipid pump derives from a near-complete decoupling between nutrient and carbon cycling-a "lipid shunt," and its direct transport of carbon through the mesopelagic zone to below the permanent thermocline with very little attenuation. Inclusion of the lipid pump almost doubles the previous estimates of deep-ocean carbon sequestration by biological processes in the North Atlantic.