Phosphorylated DegU manipulates cell fate differentiation in the Bacillus subtilis biofilm.
Phosphorylated DegU manipulates cell fate differentiation in the Bacillus subtilis biofilm.
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DOI：
10.1128/jb.00930-13
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发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Stanley-Wall NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marlow VL;Porter M;Hobley L;Kiley TB;Swedlow JR;Davidson FA;Stanley-Wall NR
细胞分化无处不在，促进分工和发育。细菌能够进行多细胞行为，这有利于整个细菌群落。细菌分化的一个引人注目的例子发生在生物膜的形成过程中。在枯草芽孢杆菌生物膜形成过程中，细胞亚群分化成专门的细胞群，合成细胞外基质的胞外多糖和 TasA 淀粉样蛋白成分。分化过程由转录因子 Spo0A 间接控制，该因子促进 eps 和 tapA (tasA) 操纵子的转录。 DegU 是一种参与调节生物膜形成的转录因子。在这里，我们结合遗传学和活单细胞细胞学技术，通过显示 eps 和 tapA 启动子区域的转录受到抑制，定义了高水平磷酸化 DegU (DegU∼P) 的生物膜抑制机制。所提供的数据表明这不是直接监管事件。我们证明 DegU∼P 控制细胞激活基质生物合成所需操纵子转录的频率，以利于关闭状态。随后的实验分析使我们得出结论，DegU∼P 的作用是增加 Spo0A∼P 的水平，驱动细胞命运向孢子形成的最终发育过程分化。
Cell differentiation is ubiquitous and facilitates division of labor and development. Bacteria are capable of multicellular behaviors that benefit the bacterial community as a whole. A striking example of bacterial differentiation occurs throughout the formation of a biofilm. During Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation, a subpopulation of cells differentiates into a specialized population that synthesizes the exopolysaccharide and the TasA amyloid components of the extracellular matrix. The differentiation process is indirectly controlled by the transcription factor Spo0A that facilitates transcription of the eps and tapA (tasA) operons. DegU is a transcription factor involved in regulating biofilm formation. Here, using a combination of genetics and live single-cell cytological techniques, we define the mechanism of biofilm inhibition at high levels of phosphorylated DegU (DegU∼P) by showing that transcription from the eps and tapA promoter regions is inhibited. Data demonstrating that this is not a direct regulatory event are presented. We demonstrate that DegU∼P controls the frequency with which cells activate transcription from the operons needed for matrix biosynthesis in favor of an off state. Subsequent experimental analysis led us to conclude that DegU∼P functions to increase the level of Spo0A∼P, driving cell fate differentiation toward the terminal developmental process of sporulation.