Social Ecological Approaches to Individuals and Their Contexts: Twenty Years of Health Education & Behavior Health Promotion Interventions
Social Ecological Approaches to Individuals and Their Contexts: Twenty Years of Health Education & Behavior Health Promotion Interventions
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DOI：
10.1177/1090198111418634
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Earp, Jo Anne L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golden, Shelley D.;Earp, Jo Anne L.
长期以来，人们一直建议用社会生态模型来指导公共卫生实践，该模型描述了构成健康结果基础的个人和环境的相互作用特征。然而，这些建议在促进健康的干预措施中得到应用的程度尚不清楚。作者开发了一个编码系统来识别健康促进计划的目标生态水平，然后将该系统应用于过去20年健康教育与行为的157篇干预文章。总体而言，文章更有可能描述关注个人和人际特征的干预措施，而不是机构，社区或政策因素。侧重于某些主题（营养和体育活动）或在特定环境（学校）中进行的干预措施更成功地采用了社会生态方法。健康教育理论，研究和培训可能需要加强，以更好地促进成功的努力，改变社会和政治环境，以改善健康。
Social ecological models that describe the interactive characteristics of individuals and environments that underlie health outcomes have long been recommended to guide public health practice. The extent to which such recommendations have been applied in health promotion interventions, however, is unclear. The authors developed a coding system to identify the ecological levels that health promotion programs target and then applied this system to 157 intervention articles from the past 20 years of Health Education & Behavior. Overall, articles were more likely to describe interventions focused on individual and interpersonal characteristics, rather than institutional, community, or policy factors. Interventions that focused on certain topics (nutrition and physical activity) or occurred in particular settings (schools) more successfully adopted a social ecological approach. Health education theory, research, and training may need to be enhanced to better foster successful efforts to modify social and political environments to improve health.