Angling selects against active and stress-resilient phenotypes in rainbow trout

Angling selects against active and stress-resilient phenotypes in rainbow trout
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钓鱼选择虹鳟鱼的活跃和抗应激表型

DOI:
10.1139/cjfas-2018-0085
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Johnsson J. I.
Johnsson J. I.
中科院分区:
农林科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Koeck B;Zavorka L;Aldven D;Näslund J;Arlinghaus R;Thörnqvist P.-O;Winberg S;Björnsson B. T. ;Johnsson J. I.

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人类收获诱导的选择可以导致与自然捕食诱导的选择不同的表型变化模式,并且可能是野生种群进化的主要驱动力。个体对钓鱼的脆弱性取决于个体摄入诱饵的决定,可能是由其对相关刺激的神经内分泌反应介导的。要调查个人的脆弱性背后的机制钓鱼,我们进行了钓鱼实验,在复制池塘和量化的个人行为特征和神经内分泌应激反应,在两个鲑科鱼类,虹鳟鱼(虹鳟鱼mykiss)和褐鳟鱼(萨尔莫trutta)。我们在虹鳟鱼中发现了一种表型综合征,但在褐鳟鱼中没有,在这种综合征中,较低的多巴胺能和多巴胺能大脑活动和皮质醇水平(即,较低的压力反应性)与较高的活动性相关,形成了一种前摄表型,显示出对钓鱼的易感性增加。我们的研究结果表明,钓鱼的目标是虹鳟鱼的最具压力弹性和活跃的表型,支持渔业诱导的表型选择可能会导致增加代表性的压力响应和低活性的表型在收获的人口。
Selection induced by human harvest can lead to different patterns of phenotypic change than selection induced by natural predation and could be a major driving force of evolution of wild populations. The vulnerability of individuals to angling depends on the individual decision to ingest the bait, possibly mediated by their neuroendocrine response towards the associated stimulus. To investigate the mechanisms behind individual vulnerability to angling, we conducted angling experiments in replicated ponds and quantified individual behavioral traits and neuroendocrine stress responsiveness in two salmonid species, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta). We discovered a phenotypic syndrome in rainbow trout, but not in brown trout, where lower serotonergic and dopaminergic brain activity and cortisol levels (i.e., lower stress responsiveness) in response to a standardized experimental stressor were associated with higher activity, forming a proactive phenotype that showed increased vulnerability to angling. Our results show that angling targets the most stress-resilient and active phenotypes of rainbow trout, supporting the suggestion that fishing-induced phenotypic selection may lead to an increased representation of stress-responsive and low-activity phenotypes in harvested populations.
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