Spatial and Temporal Variation of Net Snow Accumulation in a Small Alpine Watershed, Emerald Lake Basin, Sierra Nevada, California, U.S.A.
Spatial and Temporal Variation of Net Snow Accumulation in a Small Alpine Watershed, Emerald Lake Basin, Sierra Nevada, California, U.S.A.
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美国加利福尼亚州内华达山脉翡翠湖盆地高山小流域净积雪时空变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Joel Michaelsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kelly Elder;Jeff Dozier;Joel Michaelsen
1987年对美国加州红杉国家公园翡翠湖流域的雪水当量分布进行了研究。该地点的海拔范围为海拔2780至3416米，集水区总面积约一百二十二公顷。分层抽样方案进行了评估，确定和映射区域相似的雪的属性，地形参数的基础上，占积雪的积累和消融的变化。从数字高程模型计算的高程、坡度和辐射值被用来识别这些区域。SWE的现场测量与样本位置的特征相结合，并进行聚类，以确定类似的SWE类。然后将整个盆地划分为每组调查数据的区域。用于分类的盆地地形参数，即坡度和高程，在时间上是恒定的，在调查日期之间没有变化。辐射数据显示，时间的变化提供了一个物理合理的基础上，随着时间的推移，在SWE分布的变化。虽然结果没有确定哪种分类方法上级其他方法，但净辐射显然是最重要的，坡度和海拔似乎在较小程度上也很重要。1987年水年度的最高累积量为598 mm SWE，约为50年平均值的一半。
Distribution of snow-water equivalence (SWE) in the Emerald Lake watershed located in Sequoia National Park, California, U.S.A, was examined during the 1987 water year. Elevations at this site range from 2780 to 3416 m a.s.l., and the total watershed area is about 122 ha. A stratified sampling scheme was evaluated by identifying and mapping zones of similar snow properties, based on topographic parameters that account for variations in both accumulation and ablation of snow. Elevation, slope, and radiation values calculated from a digital elevation model were used to identify these zones. Field measurements of SWE were combined with characteristics of the sample locations and clustered to identify similar classes of SWE. The entire basin was then partitioned into zones for each set of survey data. The topographic parameters of the basin used in classification, namely slope and elevation, are constant in time and did not change between survey dates. The radiation data showed temporal variability providing a physically justified basis for changes in SWE distribution through time. Although results do not identify which of the classification attempts is superior to the others, net radiation is clearly of primary importance, and slope and elevation appear to be important to a lesser degree. The peak accumulation for the 1987 water year was 598 mm SWE, which is about half the 50 year mean.