BMI Predicts Emotion-Driven Impulsivity and Cognitive Inflexibility in Adolescents With Excess Weight
BMI Predicts Emotion-Driven Impulsivity and Cognitive Inflexibility in Adolescents With Excess Weight
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DOI：
10.1038/oby.2012.47
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Verdejo-Garcia, Antonio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delgado-Rico, Elena;Rio-Valle, Jacqueline S.;Verdejo-Garcia, Antonio
青少年肥胖症越来越被视为一种与大脑相关的功能障碍，由此，对愉悦食物的奖励驱动的欲望“劫持”了反应选择系统，使得行为控制逐渐从冲动转向强迫。在这项研究中，我们的目的是检查个性因素（奖励（SR）和惩罚（SP）的敏感性，BMI和结果测量冲动与灵活性之间的联系，否则健康的超重青少年。63名青少年（年龄12-17岁）分为肥胖（n = 26），超重（n = 16），或正常体重（n = 21）参加了这项研究。我们使用心理测量评估的SR和SP动机系统，冲动（使用UPPS-P量表），神经认知措施与区分效度分离抑制与灵活性赤字（使用Stroop测试的过程-方法版本）。我们使用多步分层回归模型测试了年龄、SR/SP和BMI对冲动性和抑制与转换性能估计的相对贡献。体重指数显著预测情绪驱动的冲动性（积极和消极的紧迫感）和劣质的灵活性表现在超重的青少年超过SR和SP的预测能力的升高。SR是感觉寻求和缺乏预谋的升高的主要预测因素。这些研究结果表明，BMI的增加与情绪驱动的冲动性和认知能力的升高特别相关，支持一个维度路径，即超重的青少年在强烈的情感状态下会增加他们过度放纵的倾向，以及他们难以转换或扭转习惯性行为模式。
Adolescent obesity is increasingly viewed as a brain-related dysfunction, whereby reward-driven urges for pleasurable foods "hijack" response selection systems, such that behavioral control progressively shifts from impulsivity to compulsivity. In this study, we aimed to examine the link between personality factors (sensitivity to reward (SR) and punishment (SP), BMI, and outcome measures of impulsivity vs. flexibility in-otherwise healthy-excessive weight adolescents. Sixty-three adolescents (aged 12-17) classified as obese (n = 26), overweight (n = 16), or normal weight (n = 21) participated in the study. We used psychometric assessments of the SR and SP motivational systems, impulsivity (using the UPPS-P scale), and neurocognitive measures with discriminant validity to dissociate inhibition vs. flexibility deficits (using the process-approach version of the Stroop test). We tested the relative contribution of age, SR/SP, and BMI on estimates of impulsivity and inhibition vs. switching performance using multistep hierarchical regression models. BMI significantly predicted elevations in emotion-driven impulsivity (positive and negative urgency) and inferior flexibility performance in adolescents with excess weight-exceeding the predictive capacity of SR and SP. SR was the main predictor of elevations in sensation seeking and lack of premeditation. These findings demonstrate that increases in BMI are specifically associated with elevations in emotion-driven impulsivity and cognitive inflexibility, supporting a dimensional path in which adolescents with excess weight increase their proneness to overindulge when under strong affective states, and their difficulties to switch or reverse habitual behavioral patterns.