Psychosocial transitions and the family's work in adjusting to cancer.
Psychosocial transitions and the family's work in adjusting to cancer.
复制标题
心理社会转变和家庭在适应癌症方面的工作。
DOI：
10.1016/s0749-2081(05)80109-3
复制
发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Lewis,FM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis,FM
C, AN, CER a disease of just one person. It is, not'invades the family as much as it does the patient. l" z The family, not just the patient, deals with and attempts to understand the meaning of cancer, 3-6 and it is the meaning of cancer to the family that sets the context within which dynamic processes Occur. 7-9 Although the medical process from diagnosis to cure, or from diagnosis to recurrence and death, identifies critical points along the disease trajectory and provides helpful labels for physicians and nurses, this is not the same trajectory experienced by the patient and family. Instead, within the same time frame, there are critical junctures and psychosocial transitions that the diagnosed person and the family experience, z'l~ These junctures force the person and the family to ask: Why me? Why us? Why now? 12 These junctures represent psychosocial transitions. The family's adjustment to cancer involves moving through these transitions in ways that facilitate the meaning of the experience, that maintain the family's ongoing functions, that respond to the illness-related demands, that maintain the selfesteem of the family members, 3 and that foster new arrangements and relationships in the family that are responsive to the contingencies of the illness. 9 Families experiencing cancer destructure and restructure themselves in response to the illness.~ 4.~ 5 Destructuring is the breakdown of operational and communication patterns that no longer adequately respond to the illness and to its contingencies. Restructuring is the creation of new forms of interpersonal exchange and operations that reflect the family's adjustment to its illnessrelated environment. When restructuring is successful, the family adapts to the illness-related demands and balances its commitments to both the diagnosed person and to the family's activities and functions.Transitions alter one's life space and cause a re-evaluation of one's assumptive world, which includes an interpretation of the past as well as expectations for the future. 2 A change in one's life space as a result of cancer produces a major confrontation for the family members who must reevaluate their values, orientation, and self-for-
