Strain-Specific Hypersensitive and Extreme Resistance Phenotypes Elicited by Potato virus YAmong 39 Potato Cultivars Released in Three World Regions Over a 117-Year Period
Strain-Specific Hypersensitive and Extreme Resistance Phenotypes Elicited by Potato virus YAmong 39 Potato Cultivars Released in Three World Regions Over a 117-Year Period
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DOI：
10.1094/pdis-06-17-0901-re
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Vincent, Stuart J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Roger A. C.;Vincent, Stuart J.
研究了马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）BL、DEL 3株系和PVYD KIP 1株系在马铃薯上引起的株系特异性超敏和极抗表型。PVY和PVYD分离物分别引发HR基因Ny或推定的Nc4，并且所有三个分离物都引发ER基因Ry。他们被接种到39个澳大利亚，欧洲或北美马铃薯品种超过117年的时间内释放和收获的块茎再植。记录原发和继发症状。两个欧洲品种在接种汁液和嫁接后均能产生雌激素受体，从而携带了综合的PVY抗性基因Ry。一个澳大拉西亚和两个欧洲品种总是开发敏感的表型，因此，缺乏基因Ry，Ny，和推定的Nd。树液接种隔离KIP 1引起本地化的HR（LHR）在31个品种和LHR和系统HR（SHR）在其他三个，因此，所有进行推定的Nd。分离物BL和DEL3在这34个品种中的11个中均引起易感表型，但在另外23个品种中仅LHR、仅SHR或LHR和SHR两者均引起易感表型，因此，它们都携带Ny。对于这两个分离物，SHR表达范围从非常严重到非常弱，最大数量的分离物栽培品种组合发生在具有BL的严重类别（n = 11）和具有DEL3的中度类别（n = 12）中。在同一分离品种组合内，总体而言，SHR症状表达较弱，继发感染比原发感染。原发性和继发性感染，SHR的表达是最严重的KIP1和DEL3最弱。Ny基因和推定的Nd基因分别存在于1939年至2010年或1893年至2010年之间发布的品种中，出现在世界三个地区的品种中。这些发现对培育新的抗PVY马铃薯品种具有重要意义，特别是对于缺乏健康马铃薯种薯库存或自给农民负担不起的国家。包括基因Ry的替代方案是并入尽可能多的株系特异性PVY抗性基因。
Strain-specific hypersensitive (HR) and extreme resistance (ER) phenotypes elicited in potato plants by three Potato virus Y (PVY) isolates in strain groups PVY (BL and DEL3) and PVYD (KIP1) were studied. PVY and PVYD isolates elicit HR genes Ny or putative Nc4 respectively, and all three isolates elicit ER gene Ry. They were inoculated to 39 Australasian, European, or North American potato cultivars released over a 117-year period and harvested tubers were replanted. Both primary and secondary symptoms were recorded. Two European cultivars always developed ER following sap and graft inoculation and, thus, carried comprehensive PVY resistance gene Ry. One Australasian and two European cultivars always developed susceptible phenotypes and, thus, lacked genes Ry, Ny, and putative Nd. Sap inoculation with isolate KIP1 elicited localized HR (LHR) in 31 cultivars and both LHR and systemic HR (SHR) in three others; thus, all carried putative Nd. Isolates BL and DEL3 both elicited susceptible phenotypes in 11 of these 34 cultivars but LHR alone, SHR alone, or both LHR and SHR in the other 23 which, therefore, all carry Ny. With these two isolates, SHR expression ranged from very severe to very weak, with the greatest numbers of isolate cultivar combinations occurring in the severe category with BL (n = 11) and moderate category (n = 12) with DEL3. Within the same isolate cultivar combination, overall, SHR symptom expression was weaker with secondary than primary infection. With both primary and secondary infection, SHR expression was most severe with KIP1 and weakest with DEL3. Genes Ny and putative Nd were present in cultivars released between 1939 and 2010 or 1893 and 2010, respectively, occurring in cultivars from all three world regions. These findings have important implications concerning breeding new PVY-resistant potato cultivars, especially for countries lacking healthy seed potato stocks, or where subsistence farmers cannot afford them. An alternative to including gene Ry is incorporating as many strain-specific PVY resistance genes as possible.