Poultry litter biochar application in combination with chemical fertilizer and Azolla green manure improves rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in paddy soil
Poultry litter biochar application in combination with chemical fertilizer and Azolla green manure improves rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in paddy soil
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DOI：
10.1007/s42773-021-00116-z
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发表时间：
2021-08-10
期刊：
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Cheng, Weiguo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimani, Samuel Munyaka;Bimantara, Putu Oki;Cheng, Weiguo
家禽垃圾生物炭被认为可以提高作物生产力。然而，其与化肥和/或有机肥的有益交互作用对水稻产量和氮素利用效率（NUE）的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是将家禽废弃物生物炭（以下简称生物炭）与化肥和/或红萍作为有机肥（以下简称氮肥源）共同施用以提高水稻的生产力和NUE。在盆栽试验中，对不施用任何改良剂（对照）、施用化肥（NPK）、红萍作为绿色肥料（红萍）、不施用生物炭和施用生物炭的NPK +红萍8个处理进行了评价。选择水稻植物生长成分，产量和NUE进行了测定。与不施用生物炭的处理相比，生物炭与氮肥源配施显著提高了籽粒吸氮量23.9%，氮素利用效率提高了34.3%~ 246.9%。这些处理还显著提高了水稻的生长因子（5.6-18.2%）和产量（32.4%）。施用生物炭后，土壤pH、电导率、全氮、有机碳和速效磷含量均显著增加。除土壤pH和EC参数外，本研究中未观察到生物炭和氮肥源之间的任何参数的协同作用。值得注意的是，与其他处理相比，生物炭和红萍的共同应用提供了一种可行的方法，以提高水稻产量和NUE，减少化肥的使用，从而减少农业污染和生产成本。
Poultry litter biochar is known to improve crop productivity. However, its beneficial interactions with chemical fertilizer and/or organic manure on rice yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) are not well studied. The objective of this study was to co-apply poultry litter biochar (hereinafter biochar) and chemical fertilizer and/or Azolla as organic manure (herein N fertilizer sources) to improve the productivity of rice and NUE. Eight treatments-no amendments (control), chemical fertilizer (NPK), Azolla as green manure (Azolla), and NPK + Azolla without and with biochar amendment-were evaluated in a pot trial. Selected rice plant growth components, yield, and NUE were determined. Compared to the treatments without biochar, co-application of biochar and N fertilizer sources significantly improved grain N uptake by 23.9% and NUE by 34.3-246.9%. These treatments also significantly improved rice growth components (5.6-18.2%) and grain yield (32.4%). Significant changes in soil properties including increases in pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total N, organic carbon, and available phosphorus were observed following biochar application. Except for the soil pH and EC parameters, no significant synergistic interactions between biochar and N fertilizer sources were observed for any parameters in the present study. Notably, compared to other treatments, the co-application of biochar and Azolla offers a feasible approach to improve rice productivity and NUE and reduce chemical fertilizer use, thereby reducing agricultural pollution and production costs.