ASSOCIATIONS AMONG BACTERIA, YEASTS, AND BASIDIOMYCETES DURING WOOD DECAY
ASSOCIATIONS AMONG BACTERIA, YEASTS, AND BASIDIOMYCETES DURING WOOD DECAY
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DOI：
10.1094/phyto-68-631
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
SHAW, CG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BLANCHETTE, RA;SHAW, CG
在针叶树枯死过程中，细菌、酵母菌和担子菌的共生关系密切。在实验室中，5个月后观察到腐烂（重量损失）的显著增加和对菌丝生长的显著刺激作用。在木材腐烂处理结合细菌（肠杆菌属）和酵母（Saccharomyces bailii var. bailii和Pichia pinus）与担子菌、杂色革盖菌（Coriolus versicolor）、冷杉毛孔菌（Hirschioporus abietinus）或紫穗槐。使用的基板是木屑从slash小于1年，1和2年之间，超过25岁。通过测定葡糖胺定量测定存在的菌丝体的量。高达200%以上的真菌生长，获得了在处理结合细菌，酵母菌和担子菌比单一的担子菌。褐腐真菌胎盘青霉比白腐真菌C. versicolor或H.冷杉木屑的年龄和所用木材的种类影响了分解的速度。采伐年限小于2年的木片比采伐年限大于25年的木片腐烂更快。细菌和酵母菌是导致所有年龄段木片中相应担子菌腐烂增加的原因。扫描电子显微镜显示微生物之间的互利协会。细菌和酵母菌仅分布在被担子菌菌丝腐蚀的管胞细胞壁中。在自然感染的原木中观察到了类似的细菌、酵母菌和菌丝体的组合。versicolor，H.冷杉属、隐孔菌（Cryptoporus volvatus）和松生层孔菌（Fomitopsis pinicola）。
Bacteria, yeasts and basidiomycetes were closely associated during the decay of dead coniferous wood. In the laboratory, significant increases in decay (weight loss) and a marked stimulatory effect on mycelial growth was observed after 5 mo. in wood decay treatments combining bacteria (Enterobacter spp.) and yeasts (Saccharomyces bailii var. bailii and Pichia pinus) with the basidiomycetes, Coriolus versicolor, Hirschioporus abietinus, or Poria placenta. Substrates used were wood chips from slash less than 1 yr, between 1 and 2 yr, and over 25 yr old. The amount of mycelia present was determined quantitatively by assaying for glucosamine. Up to 200% more fungal growth was obtained in treatments combining bacteria, yeasts and a basidiomycete than with single basidiomycetes. Substantially more decay (2- to 10-fold) occurred with the brown-rot fungus, P. placenta, than with the white-rot fungi, C. versicolor or H. abietinus. The age of the chips and the species of wood used affected the rate of decomposition. Decay was more rapid in wood chips from slash less than 2 yr than in that over 25 yr old. Bacteria and yeasts were responsible for increases of decay by the respective basidiomycete in wood chips of all age classes. Scanning electron microscopy revealed mutualistic associations among microorganisms. Bacteria and yeasts were located only in tracheid cell walls decayed by basidiomycetous hyphae. Similar associations of bacteria, yeasts and mycelia were observed in logs naturally infected by 4 basidiomycetes, C. versicolor, H. abietinus, Cryptoporus volvatus and Fomitopsis pinicola.