Antecedents and Outcomes of Designer Empathy: A Retrospective Interview Study
Antecedents and Outcomes of Designer Empathy: A Retrospective Interview Study
复制标题
设计师同理心的前因和结果：回顾性访谈研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Maria C. Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Antti Surma;Claudia Chen;Katja Hölttä;Maria C. Yang
越来越多的研究表明，要发现关键需求并创建成功的设计，设计师必须全面和同情地了解最终用户。然而，尽管存在的同理心框架和设计指南，很少有实证研究的影响和结果，从同理心，即它的前因和结果，在项目层面。此外，情感和认知移情过程的不同作用很少在设计中得到认可，即使它们在心理学研究中得到了普遍的解决。为了开始填补这些研究空白，本文提出了一个主题分析的10个半结构化的访谈产品和服务设计师。设计师们描述了各种各样的技术和情况，使他们能够认知地理解用户的观点，并引起情感反应，从有意识地寻找设计师自己生活中的类似经历，到在观察到用户日常生活中的困难后对他们的关心。虽然认知同理心和由此产生的用户理解的准确性被认为是激励设计的变化，从而创造更有益的设计，情感同理心连接到用户的问题和动机，以帮助用户增加承认。结果描述了在设计背景下的同理心，并突出了不同的同理心组件之间的差异。
A growing body of research suggests that to uncover key needs and create successful designs, designers must holistically and empathically understand end-users. However, despite the existence of empathy frameworks and guides in design, little empirical work has investigated what influences and results from empathy, i.e. its antecedents and outcomes, at the project level. Further, the distinct roles of affective and cognitive empathic processes are rarely recognized in design, even though they are commonly addressed in psychology research. To begin filling these research gaps, this paper presents a thematic analysis of 10 semi-structured interviews with product and service designers. The designers described a variety of techniques and situations that had enabled them to cognitively understand their users’ perspectives and that had caused affective reactions, ranging from consciously searching for analogous experiences in the designer’s own life to feeling concern for users after observing difficulties in their everyday lives. While cognitive empathy and the resulting accuracy of user understanding was perceived to motivate design changes and thus the creation of more beneficial designs, affective empathy was connected to increased acknowledgement of user problems and motivation to help users. The results describe empathy in a design context and highlight differences between distinct components of empathy.
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DOI：
10.1115/detc2018-86276
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
: ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference
影响因子：
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作者：
Tomko, Megan;Schwartz, Amanda;Newstetter, Wendy;Alemán, Melissa;Nagel, Robert;Linsey, Julie
通讯作者：
Linsey, Julie