Preliminary examination of contaminant loadings in farmed salmon, wild salmon and commercial salmon feed
Preliminary examination of contaminant loadings in farmed salmon, wild salmon and commercial salmon feed
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DOI：
10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00136-9
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Von der Geest, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Easton, MDL;Luszniak, D;Von der Geest, E
这项试点研究检查了太平洋沿岸的五种商业鲑鱼饲料、四种养殖鲑鱼（一种大西洋鲑鱼、三种大鳞鲑）和四种野生鲑鱼（一种大鳞鲑、一种小鳞鲑、两种红鲑）中的多氯联苯（112种同系物）、多溴二苯醚（PBDEs - 41同系物）、25种有机氯农药、20种多环芳烃以及甲基和无机汞。扇养鲑鱼的多氯联苯、多溴二苯醚、有机磷农药（毒杀芬除外）含量始终高于野生鲑鱼。总多氯联苯的平均浓度为51，216 pg/g，总多溴二苯醚的平均浓度为5，302 pg/g;总多溴二苯醚的平均浓度为2，668 pg/g，总多溴二苯醚的平均浓度为178 pg/g;总有机磷的平均浓度为41，796 pg/g，总有机磷的平均浓度为12，164 pg/g（毒杀芬除外）。扇叶鲑鱼的浓度水平可能是由于在鲑鱼商业饲料中发现的污染水平升高（多氯联苯总浓度平均值为65，535皮克/克;二苯二苯醚总浓度平均值为1，889皮克/克;除毒杀芬外，有机磷总浓度平均值为48，124皮克/克）。除了一个单一的高野生奇努克值，多环芳烃是最高的饲料样品其次是养殖鱼类和其他三种野生鱼类。孵化场来源的Bio-Oregon-1996饲料显示多环芳烃水平比任何其他饲料高十倍。这样一个高PAH水平的遗传毒性的影响被认为是青少年奇努克鲑鱼。毒杀芬和甲基汞的浓度在野生鲑鱼和养殖鲑鱼之间没有显著差异。没有明确的低污染品牌的鲑鱼饲料。从目前世卫组织和加拿大卫生部（2000年）的多氯联苯每日耐受摄入量值的角度考虑食用养殖鲑鱼对人类健康的影响。根据TDI为1 pg TEQ/kg bw/天，该分析表明，每周定期食用由受污染饲料生产的养殖鲑鱼的个人存在安全问题。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
This pilot study examined five commercial salmon feeds, four farmed salmon (one Atlantic, three chinooks) and four wild salmon (one chinook, one chum, two sockeyes) from the Pacific Coast for PCBs (112 congeners), polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs - 41 congeners), 25 organochlorine pesticides (OPs), 20 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and methyl and inorganic mercury. The fanned salmon showed consistently higher levels of PCBs, PBDEs, OPs (except toxaphene) than the wild salmon. The mean concentrations in pg/g were 51,216 vs 5302 for total PCBs; 2668 vs 178 for total PBDEs; 41,796 vs 12,164 for total OPs (except toxaphene). The fanned salmon levels are likely a consequence of the elevated level of contamination found in the commercial salmon feed (mean concentrations in pg/g were 65,535 for total PCBs; 1889 for total BPDEs; 48,124 for total OPs except toxaphene). Except for a single high wild chinook value, PAHs were highest in the feed samples followed by the farmed fish and the three other wild fish. The Bio-Oregon-1996 feed of hatchery origin showed a level of PAHs ten times higher than any other feed. The genotoxic implications of such a high PAH level are considered for juvenile chinook salmon. Toxaphene and methyl mercury concentrations were not notably different between the wild and farmed salmon. There was no clear low contaminant brand of salmon feed. The human health implications of eating farmed salmon are considered from the perspective of the current WHO and Health Canada (2000) tolerable daily intake (TDI) values for PCBs. Based on a TDI of 1 pg TEQ/kg bw/day, this analysis indicated a safety concern for individuals who on a regular weekly basis consume farmed salmon produced from contaminated feed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.