Roles of Drug Transporters in Blood-Retinal Barrier
Roles of Drug Transporters in Blood-Retinal Barrier
复制标题
药物转运蛋白在血视网膜屏障中的作用
DOI：
10.1007/978-981-13-7647-4_10
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Liu, Xiaodong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Li;Liu, Xiaodong
血视网膜屏障（BRB）包括内BRB（iBRB）和外BRB（oBRB），它们分别由视网膜毛细血管内皮（RCEC）细胞和视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞与布鲁赫膜和脉络膜毛细血管共同形成。 BRB的功能是调节眼血管床和视网膜组织之间的液体和分子运动，并防止大分子和其他潜在有害物质渗漏到视网膜中，保持视网膜和视网膜神经元的微环境。这些功能主要归因于 RCEC 缺乏开窗、紧密连接、多种转运蛋白的表达以及周细胞和神经胶质细胞的覆盖。 BRB的存在也成为某些药物不适合全身给药治疗视网膜疾病的一个原因。一些疾病（如糖尿病和缺血再灌注）通过改变紧密连接、RCEC 死亡和转运蛋白表达来损害 BRB 功能。本章将阐述 BRB 的功能、这些转运蛋白的表达和功能及其临床意义。
Blood-retinal barrier (BRB) includes inner BRB (iBRB) and outer BRB (oBRB), which are formed by retinal capillary endothelial (RCEC) cells and by retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in collaboration with Bruch's membrane and the choriocapillaris, respectively. Functions of the BRB are to regulate fluids and molecular movement between the ocular vascular beds and retinal tissues and to prevent leakage of macromolecules and other potentially harmful agents into the retina, keeping the microenvironment of the retina and retinal neurons. These functions are mainly attributed to absent fenestrations of RCECs, tight junctions, expression of a great diversity of transporters, and coverage of pericytes and glial cells. BRB existence also becomes a reason that systemic administration for some drugs is not suitable for the treatment of retinal diseases. Some diseases (such as diabetes and ischemia-reperfusion) impair BRB function via altering tight junctions, RCEC death, and transporter expression. This chapter will illustrate function of BRB, expressions and functions of these transporters, and their clinical significances.