Artificial plateau construction during the Preclassic period at the Maya site of Ceibal, Guatemala
Artificial plateau construction during the Preclassic period at the Maya site of Ceibal, Guatemala
复制标题
危地马拉塞巴尔玛雅遗址前古典时期的人工高原建筑
作者：
Takeshi Inomata;Daniela Triadan;Flory Pinzón;Kazuo Aoyama
对危地马拉塞巴尔玛雅遗址的调查记录了一个人工高原，其水平尺寸为600 x 340米，高度为6至15米。与高度可见的金字塔不同，这种被雨林覆盖的水平扩展建筑在地面上很难识别，但机载激光扫描（LiDAR）揭示了它的计划形式。多年来进行的挖掘提供了有关其施工顺序，填充量和劳动力投资的数据。高原的最初建设发生在公元前950年左右，当时在其中心建造了一个正式的仪式建筑群。这一时期，玛雅低地的居民开始采用一种新的生活方式，更多地依赖于玉米农业、完全定居和陶瓷的使用。塞巴尔周围地区的居民保留了一定程度的居住流动性，他们可能参与了高原的建设。在这方面，塞巴尔高原可与世界其他地区在向农业或定居主义过渡之前或期间出现的纪念性建筑相媲美。来自塞巴尔的数据迫使研究人员研究在世袭统治者的中央集权政体建立之前，玛雅低地的纪念性建筑的社会含义。与金字塔不同的是，只有享有特权的个人才能进入山顶，而高原的横向纪念性可能更有利于包容性的互动。在前古典时期（公元前1000年至公元175年），塞巴尔高原继续被建造，它的填充体积大大超过了金字塔。大型建设项目可能促进了参与者之间的组织和管理创新，这可能为后来的行政集中化奠定了基础。
Investigations at the Maya site of Ceibal, Guatemala, documented an artificial plateau, measuring 600 x 340 m in horizontal dimensions and 6 to 15 m in height. Unlike highly visible pyramids, such horizontally extensive constructions covered by the rainforest are difficult to recognize on the ground, but airborne laser scanning (LiDAR) revealed its planned form. Excavations carried out over many years provided data on its construction sequence, fill volumes, and labor investments. The initial construction of the plateau occurred around 950 B.C. when a formal ceremonial complex was built in its center. This was the period when the inhabitants of the Maya lowlands were adopting a new way of life with greater reliance on maize agriculture, full sedentism, and ceramic use. The inhabitants of areas surrounding Ceibal, who retained certain levels of residential mobility, probably participated in the construction of the plateau. In this regard, the Ceibal plateau is comparable to monumental constructions that emerged before or during the transition to agriculture or sedentism in other parts of the world. The data from Ceibal compel researchers to examine the social implications of monumental constructions in the Maya lowlands before the establishment of centralized polities with hereditary rulers. Unlike pyramids, where access to the summits may have been limited to privileged individuals, the horizontal monumentality of the plateau was probably more conducive to inclusive interaction. The Ceibal plateau continued to be built up during the Preclassic period (1000 B.C.-A.D. 175), and its fill volume substantially surpassed those of pyramids. Large-scale construction projects likely promoted organizational and managerial innovations among participants, which may have set the stage for later administrative centralization.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Canuto, Marcello A.;Estrada-Belli, Francisco;Shrestha, Ramesh
通讯作者：
Shrestha, Ramesh