Material strategies for black-to-transmissive window-type polymer electrochromic devices.
Material strategies for black-to-transmissive window-type polymer electrochromic devices.
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DOI：
10.1021/am101148s
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
S. Vasilyeva;P. Beaujuge;Shujun Wang;J. E. Babiarz;V. Ballarotto;J. Reynolds
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Vasilyeva;P. Beaujuge;Shujun Wang;J. E. Babiarz;V. Ballarotto;J. Reynolds
设计了一种黑色到透射型开关聚合物电致变色器件(ECDS)，该器件使用了一组可喷雾处理的阴极着色聚合物，不变色的电活性聚合物聚(2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶氧基-4-甲基丙烯酸基)(PTMA)作为电荷补偿对电极，以及高导电性的凝胶电解质(6.5ms cm(-1))。通过利用(1)单独的共聚物在可见光光谱上的吸收，以及(2)具有互补光谱吸收的几种聚合物电致变色的混合物和双层，获得了黑色。由电子供体3，4-亚丙二氧基噻吩基(ProDOT)和电子受体基团2，1，3-苯并噻二唑(BTD)组成的中性黑色和墨色深紫蓝(或墨水黑)供体-受体(DA)共聚物在可见光范围内具有相对均匀的吸收曲线，因为它们在电化学氧化时容易转变为透射态。制备了洋红和青色聚合物(分别为PProDOT-(CH(2)OEtHx)(2)和P(ProDOT-BTD-ProDOT))共混物，目的是产生与“墨黑”DA共聚物相同的深紫蓝颜色。虽然多聚合物ECD表现出高对比度(高达50%T)，并从饱和紫蓝色(L*=32，a*=13，b*=-46)切换到淡绿蓝透射态(L*=83，a*=-3，b*=-6)，但使用DA电致变色共聚物制成的器件的切换速度(0.7%S，达到95%的完全光学变化)比使用聚合物共混物的器件(1.6%S)快两倍以上，并且表现出更中性的非彩色颜色(L*=38，a*=5，相应地，有色态的b*=-25，漂白态的L*=87，a*=-3，b*=-2)。所得结果表明，这些材料应该被证明适用于透射型(窗式)和反射式ECDs。
Black-to-transmissive switching polymer electrochromic devices (ECDs) were designed using a set of spray-processable cathodically coloring polymers, a non-color-changing electroactive polymer poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA) as the charge-compensating counter electrode, and a highly conducting gel electrolyte (6.5 mS cm(-1)). The color "black" was obtained by utilizing (1) individual copolymers absorbing across the visible spectrum, and (2) blends and bilayers of several polymer electrochromes with complementary spectral absorption. Neutral-state black and ink-like dark purple-blue (or "ink-black") donor-acceptor (DA) copolymers composed of the electron-donor 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT) and the electron-acceptor 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD) building units, which possess relatively homogeneous absorption profiles across the visible spectrum, were chosen for their propensity to switch to transmissive states upon electrochemical oxidation. A blend of magenta and cyan polymers (PProDOT-(CH(2)OEtHx)(2) and P(ProDOT-BTD-ProDOT), respectively) was produced with the goal of generating the same dark purple-blue color as that obtained with the "ink-black" DA copolymer. While the multi-polymer ECDs demonstrate high contrasts (up to 50%T), and switch from a saturated purple-blue color (L*=32, a*=13, b*=-46) to a light green-blue transmissive state (L*=83, a*=-3, b*=-6), devices made with the DA electrochromic copolymers switch more than two times faster (0.7 s to attain 95% of the full optical change) than those involving the polymer blends (1.6 s), and exhibit more neutral achromatic colors (L*=38, a*=5, b*=-25 for the colored state and L*=87, a*=-3, b*=-2 for the bleached state, correspondingly). The results obtained suggest that these materials should prove to be applicable in both transmissive- (window-type) and reflective-type ECDs.