Geography and macroeconomics: New data and new findings
Geography and macroeconomics: New data and new findings
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0509842103
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发表时间：
2006-03-07
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Nordhaus, WD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nordhaus, WD
经济活动和地理之间的联系是显而易见的：人口主要集中在海岸，很少在冰盖上。过去对经济活动和地理之间关系的研究受到经济活动空间数据有限的阻碍。本研究报告介绍了全球经济活动数据，即G-Econ数据库，该数据库衡量所有大国的经济活动，以1度纬度乘1度经度尺度衡量。研究的方法进行了说明。三个应用的数据进行了调查。首先，令人费解的“气候产出逆转”被发现，即温度和产量之间的关系是负的，当衡量人均基础上，和强烈的正的单位面积的基础上。第二，该数据库可以更好地解决地理属性对非洲贫困的影响，发现地理是相对于高收入地区的收入差异的一个重要来源。最后，我们使用G-Econ数据来估计温室效应对经济的影响，估计的温室效应损害比过去的研究更大。
The linkage between economic activity and geography is obvious: Populations cluster mainly on coasts and rarely on ice sheets. Past studies of the relationships between economic activity and geography have been hampered by limited spatial data on economic activity. The present study introduces data on global economic activity, the G-Econ database, which measures economic activity for all large countries, measured at a 1 degrees latitude by 1 degrees longitude scale. The methodologies for the study are described. Three applications of the data are investigated. First, the puzzling "climate-output reversal" is detected, whereby the relationship between temperature and output is negative when measured on a per capita basis and strongly positive on a per area basis. Second, the database allows better resolution of the impact of geographic attributes on African poverty, finding geography is an important source of income differences relative to high-income regions. Finally, we use the G-Econ data to provide estimates of the economic impact of greenhouse warming, with larger estimates of warming damages than past studies.