Genomic-based epidemiology reveals independent origins and gene flow of glyphosate resistance in Bassia scoparia populations across North America.
Genomic-based epidemiology reveals independent origins and gene flow of glyphosate resistance in Bassia scoparia populations across North America.
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.16215
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Gaines, Todd A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ravet, Karl;Sparks, Crystal D.;Dixon, Andrea L.;Kuepper, Anita;Westra, Eric P.;Pettinga, Dean J.;Tranel, Patrick J.;Felix, Joel;Morishita, Don W.;Jha, Prashant;Kniss, Andrew;Stahlman, Phillip W.;Neve, Paul;Patterson, Eric L.;Westra, Philip;Gaines, Todd A.
关键词：
基于基因组的流行病学可以深入了解杂草除草剂抗性机制的起源和传播。我们使用来自北美西部的对除草剂草甘膦具有抗性的地肤（Bassia scoparia）种群来测试另一种假设：（i）单个 EPSPS 基因复制事件最初发生在中部大平原，然后扩散到现在表现出抗草甘膦地肤种群的所有其他地理区域，或者（ii）在平行进化的情况下，基因复制在独立事件中多次发生。我们使用先前开发的用于测量 EPSPS 串联重复结构的 qPCR 标记来研究是否所有草甘膦抗性个体都具有相同的 EPSPS 重复结构。我们还使用简单的序列重复标记研究了种群结构，以确定来自中部大平原、北部平原和太平洋西北地区的地肤种群的相关性。我们发现最初的 EPSPS 重复基因型在首次报道草甘膦抗性的中部大平原地区占主导地位。我们确定了另外两种 EPSPS 重复基因型，一种与北部平原有地理关联，另一种与太平洋西北地区有地理关联。来自太平洋西北地区的 EPSPS 重复基因型似乎可能代表抗性等位基因的第二个独立进化起源。我们发现了人口之间基因流动和普遍缺乏人口结构的证据。这些结果支持地肤草甘膦抗性至少有两个独立的进化起源，随后是大量且主要在地理上局部的基因流，将抗性等位基因传播到不同的遗传背景中。
Genomic‐based epidemiology can provide insight into the origins and spread of herbicide resistance mechanisms in weeds. We used kochia (Bassia scoparia) populations resistant to the herbicide glyphosate from across western North America to test the alternative hypotheses that (i) a single EPSPS gene duplication event occurred initially in the Central Great Plains and then subsequently spread to all other geographical areas now exhibiting glyphosate‐resistant kochia populations or that (ii) gene duplication occurred multiple times in independent events in a case of parallel evolution. We used qPCR markers previously developed for measuring the structure of the EPSPS tandem duplication to investigate whether all glyphosate‐resistant individuals had the same EPSPS repeat structure. We also investigated population structure using simple sequence repeat markers to determine the relatedness of kochia populations from across the Central Great Plains, Northern Plains and the Pacific Northwest. We found that the original EPSPS duplication genotype was predominant in the Central Great Plains where glyphosate resistance was first reported. We identified two additional EPSPS duplication genotypes, one having geographical associations with the Northern Plains and the other with the Pacific Northwest. The EPSPS duplication genotype from the Pacific Northwest seems likely to represent a second, independent evolutionary origin of a resistance allele. We found evidence of gene flow across populations and a general lack of population structure. The results support at least two independent evolutionary origins of glyphosate resistance in kochia, followed by substantial and mostly geographically localized gene flow to spread the resistance alleles into diverse genetic backgrounds.
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