Sensitivity to reward: implications for overeating and overweight
Sensitivity to reward: implications for overeating and overweight
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2003.07.004
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Berkson, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, C;Strachan, S;Berkson, M
奖赏敏感性（STR）——一种根植于中脑边缘多巴胺系统神经生物学的人格特质——与成瘾风险密切相关。这种结构描述了从食物等天然强化物和成瘾药物等药理学奖励中获得快乐或奖励的能力。最近，成瘾研究领域的专家承认，精神运动兴奋剂不再是所有成瘾的核心，而且食物等自然奖励也会扰乱大脑回路。本研究测试了一个模型，其中 STR 预计与暴饮暴食呈正相关，而暴饮暴食又与 25-45 岁女性的较高体重相关。正如预测的那样，STR 与情绪暴饮暴食的测量值呈正相关。此外，超重女性对奖励的敏感度明显高于体重正常的女性。然而有趣的是，肥胖女性（体重指数 > 30）比超重女性（体重指数 > 25 < 30）更缺乏快感。这些发现是在对大脑奖赏回路过度活跃的神经适应的背景下讨论的。结果还表明，STR 可能是暴饮暴食和超重的危险因素，尤其是在我们这样的文化中，那里有丰富的可口、高热量食物。 (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Sensitivity to reward (STR)-a personality trait firmly rooted in the neurobiology of the mesolimbic dopamine system-has been strongly implicated in the risk for addiction. This construct describes the ability to derive pleasure or reward from natural reinforcers like food, and from pharmacologic rewards like addictive drugs. Recently experts in the field of addiction research have acknowledged that psychomotor stimulant drugs are no longer at the heart of all addictions, and that brain circuits can also be deranged with natural rewards like food. The present study tested a model in which STR was expected to relate positively to overeating, which in turn would be associated, with higher body weight in woman aged 25-45 years. As predicted, STR was correlated positively with measures of emotional overeating. Also, overweight woman were significantly more sensitive to reward than those of normal weight. Interestingly, however, the obese woman (Body Mass Index > 30) were more anhedonic than the overweight woman (Body Mass Index > 25 < 30). These findings are discussed in the context of neuroadaptations to overactivity of brain reward circuits. Results also indicate that STR may serve as a risk factor for overeating and overweight, especially in cultures such as ours where palatable, calorically-dense food is plentiful. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.