HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN FISH SPECIES IN NATURE
HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN FISH SPECIES IN NATURE
复制标题
DOI：
10.2307/2411933
复制
发表时间：
1955-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
HUBBS, CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HUBBS, CL
鱼类在自然界中经常发生交叉。在翻车鱼中，某些假定的物种。是杂种，例如Lepomis euryorus和L. ischyrus。杂交的雄性，虽然大而有力，是不育的。用顶级的小鱼--福尔摩沙进行实验。描述了它是胎生的，显然是孤雌生殖的，杂交后代总是像母亲一样的雌性。“杂交”甚至产生时，这种spp。与属于不同亚科的食蚊鱼交配。在其他情况下，杂种的性状几乎总是介于亲本之间。杂交种虽然在淡水物种中很常见，在海洋物种中很少见，但在一个群体中，比目鱼，杂交鱼相当普遍。例子中提到的杂交种之间的炭，鳟鱼，鲑鱼，鲱鱼，白鱼和吸盘。图表说明了杂交在不同的家庭与迹象，已知的实验和自然杂交之间的亚属和属。杂交在很大程度上是由环境因素造成的。Spp.在自然界中很少杂交的植物，在实验室中通常可以杂交。环境变化在淡水沃茨中比在海洋中更常见，因此前者比后者更常发生杂交。杂交频率与种的数量呈负相关。in a region地区.这一事实，以及杂种的不育性，表明物种的杂交。一般来说，这不是鱼类物种形成的一个重要因素。
Fish spp. cross often in nature. In sunfish certain supposed spp. are hybrids, as for example Lepomis euryorus and L. ischyrus. Hybrid males, although large and vigorous, are sterile. Experiments with the top minnow, Mollienisia formosa. are described. It is viviparous and apparently parthenogenetic and the hybrid young are always females exactly like the mother. "Hybrids" were even produced when this spp. was mated with Gambusia affinis, belonging to a different subfamily. In other instances hybrids are nearly always intermediate in their characters between the parental spp. Hybrids, although common among fresh-water spp., are rare among marine spp., but in one group, the flatfishes, hybrids are fairly common. Examples are mentioned of hybrids among the chars, trouts, salmons, herrings, whitefish and suckers. Charts illustrate hybridization in various families with indications of known experimental and natural hybrids between subgenera and genera. Hybridization is largely due to environmental factors. Spp. that hybridize rarely in nature may cross commonly in the laboratory. Environmental changes are more common in fresh waters than in the sea, hence the more common occurrence of hybrids in the former than in the latter. Frequency of hybridization is inversely related to the number of spp. in a region. This fact, as well as the sterility of the hybrids, indicates that crossing of spp. is not an important factor in speciation of fishes, as a general rule.