Genistein
Genistein
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DOI：
10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00116-4
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ferreira, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dixon, RA;Ferreira, D
金雀异黄酮（4',5,7-三羟基异黄酮）是豆类中抗菌植物抗毒素和植物抗毒素生物合成的常见前体，也是大豆种子中发现的重要营养分子。金雀异黄酮是一种植物雌激素，在动物细胞中具有多种药理作用，包括抑制酪氨酸激酶，并且通过流行病学和动物模型研究，饮食中金雀异黄酮的摄入与一系列潜在的健康有益作用有关。这些包括乳腺癌和前列腺癌、心血管疾病和绝经后疾病的化学预防。尽管有大量关于饮食金雀异黄素影响的文献，但其作为人类饮食的组成部分的潜在总体益处仍然存在疑问。金雀异黄素可以通过脱氧安息香或查尔酮途径化学合成。金雀异黄素是在植物中通过细胞色素 P450 酶异黄酮合酶 (IFS) 催化的新型环迁移反应从黄烷酮柚皮素合成的。最近已从许多植物物种中克隆了 IFS 基因，并且现在可以通过重组 DNA 方法在非豆科植物中实现金雀异黄酮的生产。 (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Genistein (4',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone) is a common precursor in the biosynthesis of antimicrobial phytoalexins and phytoanticipins in legumes, and an important nutraceutical molecule found in soybean seeds. Genistein is a phytoestrogen with a wide variety of pharmacological effects in animal cells, including tyrosine kinase inhibition, and dietary genistein ingestion has been linked, through epidemiological and animal model studies, with a range of potential health beneficial effects. These include chemoprevention of breast and prostate cancers, cardiovascular disease and post-menopausal ailments. In spite of an extensive literature on the effects of dietary genistein, questions still exist as to its potential overall benefits as a component of the human diet. Genistein can be synthesized chemically via the deoxybenzoin or chalcone route. Genistein is synthesized in plants from the flavanone naringenin by a novel ring migration reaction catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 enzyme isoflavone synthase (IFS). IFS genes have recently been cloned from a number of plant species, and production of genistein can be now achieved in non-legumes by recombinant DNA approaches. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.