Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and DSM-5 Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use Disorder in the United States
Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and DSM-5 Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use Disorder in the United States
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DOI：
10.4088/jcp.15m10386
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Grant, Bridget F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saha, Tulshi D.;Kerridge, Bradley T.;Grant, Bridget F.
目的：作者介绍了12个月和终生患病率、相关因素、精神病合并症以及非医疗处方阿片类药物使用（NMPODN）和DSM-5 NMPODN障碍（NMPOUD）的治疗。方法：数据来自2012-2013年全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查-III结果：12个月和终生NMPPA的患病率分别为4.1%和11.3%，超过了2001-2002年NESARC的患病率（1.8%，4.7%）。DSM-5 NMPOUD的1个月和终生发生率分别为0.9%和2.1%。NESARC-III DSM-IV NMPOUD发生率（0.8%，2.9%）高于2001-2002年NESARC中观察到的发生率（0.4%和1.4%）。NMPFOUD在男性中的发生率更高，但没有观察到性别差异。在18至64岁的个体、白人和美洲原住民以及社会经济地位较低的个体中，NMPaI和NMPOUD的患病率通常较高。观察到12个月和终生NMPPAND和NMPOUD与其他药物使用障碍、创伤后应激障碍、边缘型、典型型和反社会人格障碍、持续性抑郁症和重度抑郁症（NMPPAND）以及双相I型障碍（NMPOUD）之间存在关联。只有5.5%和17.7%的个人与12个月的NMPaI和NMPOUD曾经treated.Conclusions：NMPaI和NMPOUD在过去十年中有相当大的增加，与广泛的风险因素和合并症，并在美国很大程度上未经治疗。需要更多关于NMPPOUD和NMPOUD的决定因素、特征和结果的信息，以支持循证干预和预防。(C)版权所有2016 Physicians Postgraduate Press，Inc.
Objective: The authors present 12-month and lifetime prevalence, correlates, psychiatric comorbidity, and treatment of nonmedical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) and DSM-5 NMPOU disorder (NMPOUD).Methods: Data were derived from the 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III) (N = 36,309).Results: Prevalences of 12-month and lifetime NMPOU were 4.1% and 11.3%, exceeding rates in the 2001-2002 NESARC (1.8%, 4.7%). Twelve-month and lifetime rates of DSM-5 NMPOUD were 0.9% and 2.1%. NESARC-III DSM-IV NMPOUD rates (0.8%, 2.9%) were greater than those observed in the 2001-2002 NESARC (0.4% and 1.4%). Rates of NMPOU were greater among men, but no sex differential was observed for NMPOUD. Prevalences of NMPOU and NMPOUD were generally greater among 18- to 64-year-old individuals, whites, and Native Americans, and individuals with lower socioeconomic status. Associations were observed between 12-month and lifetime NMPOU and NMPOUD and other drug use disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and borderline, schizotypal, and antisocial personality disorders; persistent depression and major depressive disorder (for NMPOU); and bipolar I disorder (for NMPOUD). Only 5.5% and 17.7% of individuals with 12-month NMPOU and NMPOUD were ever treated.Conclusions: NMPOU and NMPOUD have considerably increased over the past decade, are associated with a broad array of risk factors and comorbidities, and largely go untreated in the United States. More information on the determinants, characteristics, and outcomes of NMPOU and NMPOUD is needed to support evidence-based interventions and prevention. (C) Copyright 2016 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.