Dynamics of cilia length in left-right development.
Dynamics of cilia length in left-right development.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.161102
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Lopes SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pintado P;Sampaio P;Tavares B;Montenegro-Johnson TD;Smith DJ;Lopes SS
斑马鱼左右组织者（LRO）（也称为库普弗囊泡）中运动纤毛长度的减少对左右发育有很大影响。在这里，我们通过斑马鱼胚胎中的基因过表达和数学建模来证明，在胚胎LRO流体流中增加能动纤毛长度的影响比短纤毛的影响要温和。通过Arl13b过表达，增加纤毛长度而不影响纤毛搏动频率，我们表明纤毛长度的增加与搏动幅度的降低有关，导致Arl13b过表达和野生型（WT）胚胎的相似流动强度，这是目前理论所不能预测的。较长的纤毛表现出明显的螺旋节拍模式，因此，较低的节拍幅度相对于WT，弹性流体动力学形状过渡的结果。对于长螺旋纤毛，流体动力学模型预测了一个温和的（约。相对于WT，施加在流体上的扭矩减小了约12%，导致流动产生成比例地减小。实验证实了这种轻微的减少，为器官部位的轻微影响提供了机制。
Reduction in the length of motile cilia in the zebrafish left–right organizer (LRO), also known as Kupffer's vesicle, has a large impact on left–right development. Here we demonstrate through genetic overexpression in zebrafish embryos and mathematical modelling that the impact of increased motile cilia length in embryonic LRO fluid flow is milder than that of short cilia. Through Arl13b overexpression, which increases cilia length without impacting cilia beat frequency, we show that the increase in cilium length is associated with a decrease in beat amplitude, resulting in similar flow strengths for Arl13b overexpression and wild-type (WT) embryos, which were not predicted by current theory. Longer cilia exhibit pronounced helical beat patterns and, consequently, lower beat amplitudes relative to WT, a result of an elastohydrodynamic shape transition. For long helical cilia, fluid dynamics modelling predicts a mild (approx. 12%) reduction in the torque exerted on the fluid relative to the WT, resulting in a proportional reduction in flow generation. This mild reduction is corroborated by experiments, providing a mechanism for the mild impact on organ situs.