Occurrence and distribution of typical semi-volatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) in paired indoor and outdoor atmospheric fine particle samples from cities in southern China
Occurrence and distribution of typical semi-volatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) in paired indoor and outdoor atmospheric fine particle samples from cities in southern China
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中国南方城市室内外大气细颗粒物配对样本中典型半挥发性有机化学物质（SVOCs）的赋存与分布
DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116123
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
An Taicheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ma Shengtao;Yue Congcong;Tang Jian;Lin Meiqing;Zhuo Meihui;Yang Yan;Li Guiying;An Taicheng
半挥发性有机化学品（SVOCs）在室内和室外环境中的潜在人类健康的兴趣，使暴露评估和源指定的优先事项。在这项研究中，成对的室内和室外的大气细颗粒物（PM2.5）样品收集了来自15个家庭代表中国南方5个典型的城市。分析了4种典型的SVOCs，包括16种多环芳烃（PAHs）同系物、13种有机磷阻燃剂（OPFR）同系物、8种多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）同系物，以及四溴双酚A（TBBPA）及其3种脱溴同系物。总浓度最高的是OPFR，其次是多环芳烃、多溴二苯醚和TBBPA。两种烷基OPFR异构体磷酸三丁酯（TBP）和磷酸三（2-丁氧基乙基）酯（TBEP）的室内浓度分别是室外浓度的4.3倍和11倍（p <0.05）。此外，烷基-OPFR异构体的室内与室外浓度的比率变化很大，这表明这些化合物主要来自不同的家庭用品和个人家庭使用的产品。多环芳烃和高溴多溴二苯醚（BDE-209）的室外浓度通常超过室内浓度。室内和室外PM2.5样品中多环芳烃和BDE-209的含量也存在显著相关性，表明室外来源，如车辆尾气和工业活动，强烈影响其在大气中的存在。此外，在超过33%的室内和室外空气颗粒物样品中，脱溴TBBPA衍生物的浓度高于TBBPA。然而，我们的研究结果表明，吸入暴露于典型的SVOCs对人体没有非致癌性风险。尽管我们观察到典型SVOC同系物的来源、发生和分布存在显著差异，但仍需要使用匹配样本进行更多研究，以明确识别重要的室内和室外来源，从而准确评估不同来源的贡献以及相关的人类暴露风险。
Interest in the potential human health of semi-volatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) in indoor and outdoor environments has made the exposure assessment and source appointment a priority. In this study, paired indoor and outdoor atmospheric fine particle (PM2.5) samples were collected from 15 homes representing five typical urban cities in southern China. Four typical SVOCs, including 16 congeners of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 13 congeners of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) and 8 congeners of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), as well as tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and its three debrominated congeners were analyzed. The highest total concentrations were found for OPFRs, followed by PAHs, PBDEs, and TBBPA. The indoor concentrations of two alkyl-OPFR isomers, tributylphosphate (TBP) and tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), were 4.3 and 11 times higher, respectively, than those of outdoors (p < 0.05). Additionally, the ratios of indoor to outdoor concentrations of alkyl-OPFR isomers varied greatly, suggesting that these compounds originated mainly from different household goods and products used in individual homes. The outdoor concentrations of PAHs and highly brominated PBDEs (BDE-209) typically exceeded the indoor concentrations. Significant correlations were also found between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples for PAHs and BDE-209, indicating that outdoor sources such as vehicle exhausts and industrial activities strongly influence their atmospheric occurrence. Additionally, the concentrations of debrominated TBBPA derivatives were higher than those of TBBPA in over 33% of both indoor and outdoor air particle samples. Nevertheless, our results indicated that inhalation exposure to typical SVOCs posed no non-carcinogenic risks to the human body. Although we observed notable differences in the sources, occurrences, and distributions of typical SVOC congeners, more studies using matched samples are still needed to unambiguously identify important indoor and outdoor sources in order to accurately assess the contributions of different sources and the associated human exposure risks.