Focus on driving: how cognitive constraints shape the adaptation of strategy when dialing while driving
Focus on driving: how cognitive constraints shape the adaptation of strategy when dialing while driving
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专注于驾驶：驾驶时拨号时认知约束如何影响策略的适应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Andrew Howes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Duncan P. Brumby;Dario D. Salvucci;Andrew Howes
我们调查人们如何调整他们的策略，使多个并发任务交叉执行以适应不同的目标。在一项研究中，参与者驾驶一辆模拟车辆，偶尔拨打手机上的电话号码。实验指导和反馈鼓励参与者将注意力集中在驾驶或拨号上。结果表明，参与者调整了他们的任务交错策略，以满足所需的任务目标，但其方式仍受到内部心理限制的错综复杂的影响。特别是，参与者倾向于在拨打多个数字之间切换，即使极端的车辆漂移意味着更多的反应性策略会产生更好的车道保持。为了更好地理解驾驶员在区块边界交错执行任务的原因，进行了一项建模分析，以得出一系列拨号策略的性能预测。这项分析支持这样一种观点，即在区块边界交错有效地将拨出的时间与保持中央车道位置的时间进行了交换。我们讨论了这项工作的含义，这有助于理解认知限制如何塑造动态多任务环境中的策略适应。
We investigate how people adapt their strategy for interleaving multiple concurrent tasks to varying objectives. A study was conducted in which participants drove a simulated vehicle and occasionally dialed a telephone number on a mobile phone. Experimental instructions and feedback encouraged participants to focus on either driving or dialing. Results show that participants adapted their task interleaving strategies to meet the required task objective, but in a manner that was nonetheless intricately shaped by internal psychological constraints. In particular, participants tended to steer in between dialing chunks of digits even when extreme vehicle drift implied that more reactive strategies would have generated better lane keeping. To better understand why drivers interleaved tasks at chunk boundaries, a modeling analysis was conducted to derive performance predictions for a range of dialing strategies. The analysis supported the idea that interleaving at chunk boundaries efficiently traded the time given up to dialing with the maintenance of a central lane position. We discuss the implications of this work in terms of contributions to understanding how cognitive constraints shape strategy adaptations in dynamic multitask environments.