Gender Nonconformity, Discrimination, and Mental Health Among Black South African Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Further Exploration of Unexpected Findings.
Gender Nonconformity, Discrimination, and Mental Health Among Black South African Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Further Exploration of Unexpected Findings.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10508-015-0565-6
复制
发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Reddy V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sandfort T;Bos H;Knox J;Reddy V
利用一项关于南非黑人男同性恋者中艾滋病毒风险的研究数据，我们旨在确定是否可以复制报告中关于性别不符合、歧视和心理健康之间关系的意外发现，并更深入地探索性别不符合与健康之间的关系。Cook等人发现，女性化的男性并不更容易抑郁，尽管他们更容易受到歧视，而歧视增加了抑郁的可能性。这与西方国家对同性恋和双性恋男性的研究结果形成鲜明对比。在目前的研究中，调查了196名南非黑人男同性恋者（年龄在18至40岁之间，平均年龄26.65岁）。评估包括压力因素（身份困惑、内化的同性恋恐惧症和基于性取向的歧视）和恢复因素（对性取向的开放程度、社会支持和对同性恋群体的认同）。我们观察到，性别不一致的男性并不更容易抑郁，尽管他们经历了更多的歧视，这与抑郁有关。当将焦虑视为心理健康结果时，也观察到同样的关系。我们发现，性别不一致通过内化的同性恋恐惧症对抑郁症产生间接的负面影响，这表明，在这个人群中，内化的同性恋恐惧症掩盖了歧视对精神痛苦的影响。讨论了用于指导我们分析的性少数压力模型的含义。需要进一步研究MSM人群中性别不一致性与心理健康之间的复杂关系。
Using data from a study about HIV risk among Black South African MSM, we aimed to ascertain whether unexpected findings about the relationship between gender nonconformity, discrimination, and mental health in this population, as reported by, could be replicated, and to explore more in-depth how gender nonconformity relates to health. Cook et al. found that feminine men were not more likely to be depressed despite the observation that they were more likely to be discriminated against and that discrimination increased the likelihood of depression. This is in contrast to what studies among gay and bisexual men in Western countries have consistently shown. In the current study, 196 Black South African MSM (ages between 18 and 40; mean age, 26.65 years) were surveyed. Assessments included stressors (identity confusion, internalized homophobia, and sexual orientation-based discrimination) and resilience factors (openness about one’s sexual orientation, social support, and identification with the gay community). We observed that gender-nonconforming men were not more likely to be depressed despite having experienced more discrimination, which was associated with depression. The same relationships were observed when considering anxiety as the mental health outcome. We found an indirect negative effect of gender nonconformity on depression through internalized homophobia, suggesting that, in this population, internalized homophobia masks the effect of discrimination on mental distress. Implications for the sexual minority stress model, used to guide our analyses, are discussed. Further research is needed to entangle the complex relationship between gender nonconformity and mental health among MSM populations.