Norms as a basis for governing sociotechnical systems
Norms as a basis for governing sociotechnical systems
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规范作为治理社会技术系统的基础
DOI：
10.1145/2542182.2542203
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Munindar P. Singh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Munindar P. Singh
我们将社会技术系统理解为多利益相关者的网络物理系统。我们介绍治理作为这样一个系统的利益相关者自己的管理。在这方面，治理是一种对等概念，与传统的管理不同，传统的管理是一种自上而下的等级概念。传统上，治理没有计算支持，它是通过系统管理员之间的带外交互来实现的。毫不奇怪，传统方法根本无法扩展到大型社会技术系统。我们开发了一种基于组织中规范的计算表示的治理方法。我们的做法是由海洋观测倡议，一个为期30年的4亿美元的项目，它支持各种资源处理监测和研究世界海洋的动机。这些资源包括自主水下航行器，海洋滑翔机，浮标和其他仪器以及更传统的计算资源。我们的方法的好处是直接反映利益相关者的需求，并保证利益相关者的正确性，从而产生的治理决策，同时产生适应性的资源分配，面对利益相关者的需求和物理环境的变化。
We understand a sociotechnical system as a multistakeholder cyber-physical system. We introduce governance as the administration of such a system by the stakeholders themselves. In this regard, governance is a peer-to-peer notion and contrasts with traditional management, which is a top-down hierarchical notion. Traditionally, there is no computational support for governance and it is achieved through out-of-band interactions among system administrators. Not surprisingly, traditional approaches simply do not scale up to large sociotechnical systems. We develop an approach for governance based on a computational representation of norms in organizations. Our approach is motivated by the Ocean Observatory Initiative, a thirty-year $400 million project, which supports a variety of resources dealing with monitoring and studying the world's oceans. These resources include autonomous underwater vehicles, ocean gliders, buoys, and other instrumentation as well as more traditional computational resources. Our approach has the benefit of directly reflecting stakeholder needs and assuring stakeholders of the correctness of the resulting governance decisions while yielding adaptive resource allocation in the face of changes in both stakeholder needs and physical circumstances.