Variability in microbial community and venting chemistry in a sediment-hosted backarc hydrothermal system: Impacts of subseafloor phase-separation
Variability in microbial community and venting chemistry in a sediment-hosted backarc hydrothermal system: Impacts of subseafloor phase-separation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.femsec.2005.03.007
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Sako, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakagawa, S;Takai, K;Sako, Y
相分离和分离（海底热液的沸腾/蒸馏）是引起喷口流体成分场内变化的主要机制。为了确定这个地球化学过程是否影响微生物群落的形成，我们检查了三个不同的火山口的微生物群落，这些火山口彼此相距几十米。除了烟囱结构外，还研究了利用依赖培养和不依赖培养的方法捕获被喷口流体夹带的海底群落的定殖装置。微生物学分析表明，在每个热液生态位中都有独特的微生物群落。在烟囱结构中，从外部的嗜温菌和嗜热菌混合群落向内部的嗜热菌过渡。除了烟囱结构内的转变外，排气孔流体中微生物群落的场内变化也很明显。地球化学分析表明，由于地下相分离和分析作用，不同的喷口流体具有不同的端元组成，可分为贫气流体、正常流体和富气流体。与无气流体和正常流体相比，富气流体中含有更丰富的化学岩石自养生物，这些生物具有依赖气体成分的能量代谢，如氢营养甲烷生成。海底相分离和相分离可能在为喷口相关的化能岩石自养生物和辅助微生物群落提供能量和碳源方面发挥关键作用。(c) 2005年欧洲微生物学会联合会。Elsevier B.V.版权所有。
Phase-separation and -segregation (boiling/distillation of subseafloor hydrothermal fluids) represent the primary mechanisms causing intra-field variations in vent fluid compositions. To determine whether this geochemical process affects the formation of microbial communities, we examined the microbial communities at three different vent sites located within a few tens meters of one another. In addition to chimney structures, colonization devices capturing subseafloor communities entrained by the vent fluids were studied, using culture-dependent and -independent methods. Microbiological analyses demonstrated the occurrence of distinctive microbial communities in each of the hydrothermal niches. Within a chimney structure, there was a transition from a mixed community of mesophiles and thermophiles in the exterior parts to thermophiles in the interior. Beside the transition within a chimney structure, intra-field variations in microbial communities in vent fluids were apparent. Geochemical analysis demonstrated that different vent fluids have distinctive end-member compositions as a consequence of subscafloor phase-separation and -segregation, which were designated gas-depleted, normal and gas-enriched fluids. In comparison to gas-depleted and normal fluids, gas-enriched fluids harbored more abundant chemolithoautotrophs with gaseous component-dependent energy metabolism, such as hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Subseafloor phase-separation and -segregation may play a key role in supplying energy and carbon sources to vent-associated chemolithoautotrophs and subvent microbial communities. (c) 2005 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.