Over-the-counter antibiotic sales in community and online pharmacies, China
Over-the-counter antibiotic sales in community and online pharmacies, China
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中国社区和网上药店的非处方抗生素销售
DOI：
10.2471/blt.19.242370
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Yin, Xiaoxv
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gong, Yanhong;Jiang, Nan;Yin, Xiaoxv
目的了解我国网络和社区药房无处方使用抗生素的现状及影响因素。方法于2017年7月至2018年12月，采用横断面调查方法，对中国所在的9省27个市县的网络和社区药房进行调查。我们通过要求购买特定抗生素的模拟客户评估了无处方抗生素的销售和药房服务的质量。在220家网上药店和675家社区药店中，174家(79.1%)和586家(86.8%)在没有有效处方的情况下销售抗生素。大约一半的在线药店在他们的网站上发布了关于在没有处方的情况下销售处方药的违法行为的通知，而社区药剂师中没有一家这样做。更多没有这一通知的在线药店在没有有效处方的情况下配发抗生素(P<；0.001)。省会城市无处方销售抗生素的比例(71.6%)明显低于地级市(95.1%)和县(93.8%；211/225；P<；0.001)。结论中国零售药店非处方药销售比例较高，应加强法规执行，加强公众抗生素教育，加强药房人员培训，强化公众对抗生素管理的参与。
Objective To determine the prevalence of and factors associated with dispensing antibiotics without a prescription in online and community pharmacies in China.Methods We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study of online and community pharmacies in 27 cities and counties in nine provinces in China (selected by multistage sampling) from July 2017 to December 2018. We assessed sale of antibiotics without a prescription and quality of pharmacy services through simulated clients who asked to buy specific antibiotics. We compared the prevalence of sales between online and community pharmacies, and between location and features of community pharmacies.Findings Of 220 online and 675 community pharmacies, 174 (79.1%) and 586 (86.8%) sold antibiotics without a valid prescription, respectively. About half of the online pharmacies had a notice on their website about the illegality of selling prescription-only medicines without a prescription while none of the community pharmacists had. More online pharmacies without this notice dispensed antibiotics without a valid prescription (P < 0.001). Antibiotics' sale without a prescription was significantly less prevalent in provincial capital cities (71.6%; 161/225) than prefectural-level cities (95.1%; 214/225) and counties (93.8%; 211/225; P < 0.001). Most pharmacy staff did not ask for important information from clients before dispensing the antibiotic or provide them with necessary information about the antibiotic.Conclusion Given the high proportion of sales of prescription-only medicines without a prescription, there is a need to strengthen enforcement of regulations, improve public education on antibiotics, train pharmacy staff and consolidate public involvement in antibiotic stewardship in retail pharmacies in China.