Does plant diversity affect the water balance of established grassland systems?
Does plant diversity affect the water balance of established grassland systems?
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DOI：
10.1002/eco.1945
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Sophia Leimer;Sebastian Bischoff;S. Boch;Verena Busch;P. Escher;M. Fischer;Falk Hänsel;N. Hölzel;Katja Kerber;Valentin H. Klaus;T. Kleinebecker;B. Michalzik;T. Nauss;Deborah Schäfer;I. Schöning;M. Schwarz;J. Siemens;Lisa Thieme;Stephan Wöllauer;W. Wilcke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sophia Leimer;Sebastian Bischoff;S. Boch;Verena Busch;P. Escher;M. Fischer;Falk Hänsel;N. Hölzel;Katja Kerber;Valentin H. Klaus;T. Kleinebecker;B. Michalzik;T. Nauss;Deborah Schäfer;I. Schöning;M. Schwarz;J. Siemens;Lisa Thieme;Stephan Wöllauer;W. Wilcke
来自实验草原的证据表明，植物生物多样性改变了水循环，但尚不清楚这是否也适用于已建立的土地利用系统。因此，我们研究了土壤实际蒸散量(ETA)、向下通量(DF)和向上通量(UF)与土地利用和农业管理草地植物多样性的关系。在三个中欧地区(“生物多样性探索”)，我们研究了29个草地地块(50×50米；每个地区9-11个地块)，涵盖了土地利用类别牧场、割草牧场和草甸，每个地区至少有三份。从2010年到2015年，我们测量了土壤水分、气象条件、植物物种丰富度、草本植物和豆科植物功能类群的盖度和物种数量、每个样地的地上生物量和根生物量。利用土壤水分平衡模型计算了两个土层的年ETA、DF和UF，并用方差分析对土地利用和生物多样性效应进行了统计分析。不同土地利用类型对土壤水分通量影响不显著。不同物种丰富度和不同植物功能群组成的样地间UF差异不大。表土Df随牧草种类的增加而增加。表层土壤ETA随物种丰富度和草本或豆科植物种数的增加而降低，而底层土壤ETA随物种丰富度的增加而增加。我们的结果表明，植物多样性影响土壤水分利用的深度分配，但在农业管理的草地上，这种关系的复杂驱动因素仍然需要解开。
Evidence from experimental grasslands indicated that plant biodiversity modifies the water cycle, but it is unclear if this is also true for established land‐use systems. Therefore, we investigated how actual evapotranspiration (ETa), downward flux (DF), and upward flux (UF) in soil are related with land use and plant diversity in agriculturally managed grassland. In three Central European regions (“Biodiversity Exploratories”), we studied 29 grassland plots (50 × 50 m; 9–11 plots per region) covering the land‐use classes pasture, mown pasture, and meadow, in at least triplicate per region. From 2010 to 2015, we measured soil moisture, meteorological conditions, plant species richness, cover, and number of species in the functional groups of grasses, herbs, and legumes, aboveground biomass and root biomass on each plot. Annual ETa, DF, and UF were calculated for two soil layers with a soil water balance model and statistically analysed for land‐use and biodiversity effects with analysis of variance. Water fluxes were not significantly affected by land‐use class. UF did not vary between plots with different species richness and plant functional group composition. DF from topsoil increased with increasing number of grass species. ETa from topsoil decreased with increasing species richness and with the number of herb or legume species, whereas ETa from subsoil increased. Our results demonstrate that plant diversity influences the soil depth partitioning of water use, but the complex drivers of this relationship in agriculturally managed grassland still need to be disentangled.