Working in a Pandemic: Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 Health Anxiety on Work, Family, and Health Outcomes
Working in a Pandemic: Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 Health Anxiety on Work, Family, and Health Outcomes
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DOI：
10.1037/apl0000739
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
McCarthy, Julie M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trougakos, John P.;Chawla, Nitya;McCarthy, Julie M.
2019冠状病毒病大流行扰乱了地球仪员工的生活，但人们对2019冠状病毒病健康焦虑（CovH焦虑）--即对患有或感染2019冠状病毒病的恐惧和担忧--如何影响关键的工作、家庭和健康结果却知之甚少。在目前的研究中，我们将交易压力理论（Lazarus & Folkman，1984）与自我决定理论（Deci & Ryan，2000）相结合，以推进和测试一个模型，该模型预测CovH焦虑会促使个体抑制情绪，这对他们的心理需求实现产生不利影响。反过来，缺乏心理需求满足会阻碍员工有效工作、与家人互动和体验更高幸福感的能力。我们的模型进一步预测，洗手频率-一种以问题为中心的应对方式-将减轻CovH焦虑的影响。我们使用纵向设计来测试我们的主张，该设计跟踪了503名员工在制定呆在家里和社交距离命令的前四周。与预测一致，CovH焦虑被发现会损害关键工作（目标进展），家庭（家庭参与）和健康（躯体投诉）结果，因为情绪抑制增加和缺乏心理需求满足。此外，经常洗手的人受到CovH焦虑的负面影响。结合起来，我们的工作集成和扩展现有的理论，并具有一些重要的实际意义。我们的研究是了解这一前所未有的情况对工作、家庭和健康相关影响的第一步，突显了COVID-19大流行引发的焦虑的不利影响。
The COVID-19 pandemic has unhinged the lives of employees across the globe, yet there is little understanding of how COVID-19 health anxiety (CovH anxiety)-that is, feelings of fear and apprehension about having or contracting COVID-19-impacts critical work, home, and health outcomes. In the current study, we integrate transactional stress theory (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) with self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) to advance and test a model predicting that CovH anxiety prompts individuals to suppress emotions, which has detrimental implications for their psychological need fulfillment. In turn, lack of psychological need fulfillment hinders employees' abilities to work effectively, engage with their family, and experience heightened well-being. Our model further predicts that handwashing frequency-a form of problem-focused coping-will mitigate the effects of CovH anxiety. We test our propositions using a longitudinal design that followed 503 employees across the first four weeks that stay-at-home and social distancing orders were enacted. Consistent with predictions, CovH anxiety was found to impair critical work (goal progress), home (family engagement) and health (somatic complaints) outcomes due to increased emotion suppression and lack of psychological need fulfillment. Further, individuals who frequently engage in handwashing behavior were buffered from the negative impact of CovH anxiety. Combined, our work integrates and extends existing theory and has a number of important practical implications. Our research represents a first step to understanding the work-, home-, and health-related implications of this unprecedented situation, highlighting the detrimental impact of the anxiety stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic.