Determining flow directions in river channel networks using planform morphology and topology
Determining flow directions in river channel networks using planform morphology and topology
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DOI：
10.5194/esurf-8-87-2020
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
J. Schwenk;A. Piliouras;J. Rowland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Schwenk;A. Piliouras;J. Rowland
抽象的。大量的全球遥感地表水观测加速了对水如何通过复杂的水道网络在地球表面流动进行表征和建模的努力。特别是，三角洲和辫状河道网络可能包含数千个连接点，这些连接点在景观中输送水、沉积物和养分。为了对通过通道网络的流量进行建模并表征网络结构，必须知道网络内每个链路的流量方向。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种快速、自动和客观的方法，仅使用遥感图像和网络入口和出口位置的知识来识别通道网络所有链路的流向。我们设计了一套方向预测算法（DPA），每个算法都利用通道网络的特定形态特征来预测链路的流向。 DPA 被链接在一起以创建“配方”，即设置通道网络所有流向的算法。针对三角洲和辫状河建立了单独的方案，并应用于七个三角洲和两个辫状河河道网络。在所有九个通道网络中，97% 的测试链路的配方预测流向与专家判断一致，大多数分歧归因于不寻常的通道网络拓扑，可以通过预先播种具有已知流向的关键链路来轻松解释这种拓扑。我们的结果强调了三角洲和辫状河过程-形式关系的（非）普遍性。
Abstract. The abundance of global, remotely sensed surface water observations has accelerated efforts toward characterizing and modeling how water moves across the Earth's surface through complex channel networks. In particular, deltas and braided river channel networks may contain thousands of links that route water, sediment, and nutrients across landscapes. In order to model flows through channel networks and characterize network structure, the direction of flow for each link within the network must be known. In this work, we propose a rapid, automatic, and objective method to identify flow directions for all links of a channel network using only remotely sensed imagery and knowledge of the network's inlet and outlet locations. We designed a suite of direction-predicting algorithms (DPAs), each of which exploits a particular morphologic characteristic of the channel network to provide a prediction of a link's flow direction. DPAs were chained together to create “recipes”, or algorithms that set all the flow directions of a channel network. Separate recipes were built for deltas and braided rivers and applied to seven delta and two braided river channel networks. Across all nine channel networks, the recipe-predicted flow directions agreed with expert judgement for 97 % of all tested links, and most disagreements were attributed to unusual channel network topologies that can easily be accounted for by pre-seeding critical links with known flow directions. Our results highlight the (non)universality of process–form relationships across deltas and braided rivers.