Musculoskeletal responses to high- and low-intensity resistance training in early postmenopausal women
Musculoskeletal responses to high- and low-intensity resistance training in early postmenopausal women
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DOI：
10.1097/00005768-200011000-00020
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Koh, ET
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文献类型：
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作者：
Bemben, DA;Fetters, NL;Koh, ET
目的：本研究的目的是比较高负荷(80%，1-重复最大值(RM))的效果。高重复(40%，1-RM，16个Reps)阻力训练方案，用于绝经后早期雌激素缺乏的妇女的肌肉力量和骨密度(BMD)。这6个月的计划最初是为了匹配12个练习的训练量(3套，3d.wk(-1))，这些练习是专门为脊柱和髋部负荷而选择的。方法：研究对象为25名与脊柱骨密度匹配的女性，年龄41-60岁，随机分为高负荷组(HL，N=10)、高重复组(HR，N=7)和对照组(C，N=8)。日粮钙摄入量接近1500 mg·d(-1)。在训练前和训练6个月后测量全身、脊柱和髋部骨密度(DXA，LUNAR型号DPX-IQ)、上下半身肌力和骨转换生化指标。结果：两组基线测量结果无差异。两个训练组在二头肌(20%)和股直肌(28%-33%)横截面积、下半身力量(类似30%)和髋力(37%-40%)方面都有类似的增加。HL对上身力量的改善较大(HL为25%，HR为16%)。训练组腰椎和髋部骨密度均无明显增加，但全身骨密度呈下降趋势(-1.1%+/-0.4，P=0.054)。各组训练后骨钙素均有升高趋势(P=0.048.0 8)，且骨钙素8的变化与总髋部(r=0.4 1，P=0.0 4)和粗隆(r=0.42，P=0.0 4)骨密度变化%呈正相关。结论：大负荷和高重复阻力训练方案均能有效提高绝经后妇女的肌肉力量和肌体大小，提示小强度阻力训练有利于禁忌性大强度运动的妇女的肌肉健康。
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a high-load (80%, 1-repetition maximum (RM). 8 reps) and a high-repetition (40%, 1-RM, 16 reps) resistance training protocol on muscular strength and bone mineral density (BMD) in early postmenopausal, estrogen-deficient women. The 6-month programs were matched initially for training volume (3 sets, 3 d.wk(-1)) for 12 exercises selected to specifically load the spine and hip. Methods: Subjects included 25 women (41-60 yr) who were matched by spine BMD then randomly assigned to either the high-load (HL, N = 10), high-repetition (HR, N = 7), or control (C, N = 8) groups. Dietary calcium intakes were supplemented to similar to 1500 mg.d(-1). Total body, spine, and hip BMD (DXA, Lunar Model DPX-IQ), upper and lower body muscular strength, and biochemical mai kt rs of bone turnover were measured at baseline and after 6 months of training. Results: There were no group differences in the baseline measures. Both training groups showed similar increases in biceps (20%) and rectus femoris (28-33%) cross-sectional areas, in lower body strength (similar to 30%) and in hip strength (37-40%). HL showed greater improvements in upper body strength (HL 25%, HR 16%.). Neither training group experienced significant increases in spine or hip BMD, although the HI, total body BMD tended to decrease (-1.1% +/- 0.4, P = 0.054) after training. Osteocalcin tended to increase (P = 0.08) in all groups after training, and the 8 change in osteocalcin was positively related to % changes in the total hip (r = 0.41, P = 0.048) and the trochanter (r = 0.42, P = 0.04) BMD. Conclusion: The high-load and high-repetition resistance training protocols were both effective in improving muscular strength and size in postmenopausal women, indicating low-intensity resistance training can be beneficial for the muscular fitness in women for whom high-intensity exercise is contraindicated.