Male competition fitness landscapes predict both forward and reverse speciation
Male competition fitness landscapes predict both forward and reverse speciation
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DOI：
10.1111/ele.12544
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Boughman, Janette W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keagy, Jason;Lettieri, Liliana;Boughman, Janette W.
当选择产生一个崎岖的健身景观，使人口占据不同的高峰分开的山谷时，物种形成得到了促进。对食物资源的竞争是一种强大的生态力量，可以产生这种不同的选择。然而，目前还不清楚是否提供交配机会的资源的性内竞争可以产生崎岖的健身景观，促进物种形成。在这里，我们使用高度可变的男性F2杂交的底栖和湖沼threespine刺鱼，Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus，1758年，量化男性竞争健身景观。我们发现，破坏性的性选择产生两个健身峰密切对应的两个亲本物种的雄性表型，有利于分歧。最令人惊讶的是，一个额外的区域的高健身有利于新的杂交表型，对应于那些在最近的情况下，人为干扰后的反向物种形成观察。我们的研究结果表明，通过雄性竞争的性选择在正向和反向物种形成中起着不可或缺的作用。
Speciation is facilitated when selection generates a rugged fitness landscape such that populations occupy different peaks separated by valleys. Competition for food resources is a strong ecological force that can generate such divergent selection. However, it is unclear whether intrasexual competition over resources that provide mating opportunities can generate rugged fitness landscapes that foster speciation. Here we use highly variable male F2 hybrids of benthic and limnetic threespine sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758, to quantify the male competition fitness landscape. We find that disruptive sexual selection generates two fitness peaks corresponding closely to the male phenotypes of the two parental species, favouring divergence. Most surprisingly, an additional region of high fitness favours novel hybrid phenotypes that correspond to those observed in a recent case of reverse speciation after anthropogenic disturbance. Our results reveal that sexual selection through male competition plays an integral role in both forward and reverse speciation.