Human vaginal fluid contains exosomes that have an inhibitory effect on an early step of the HIV-1 life cycle.
Human vaginal fluid contains exosomes that have an inhibitory effect on an early step of the HIV-1 life cycle.
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DOI：
10.1097/qad.0000000000001236
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发表时间：
2016-11-13
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Daniel R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Smith JA;Daniel R
阴道传播对HIV-1在世界各地的传播至关重要。目前尚不清楚阴道中存在哪种类型的(S)天生防御艾滋病毒-1感染的能力。在这里，我们的目的是确定人类阴道液中是否含有可能具有抗HIV-1活性的外切体。从阴道液样本中分离出胞外体组分。流式细胞仪和Western blotting证实存在外切体。利用已建立的细胞培养系统和基于实时聚合酶链式反应的方法，对新发现的外切体在体外阻止HIV-1感染早期步骤的能力进行了测试。阴道液中含有表达CD9、CD63和CD81外切标记的外切体。胞外体组分使HIV-1载体的传播率降低60%，反转录效率降低58.4%，整合效率降低47%。外切体对HIV-1载体的进入没有影响。人类阴道液外切体是新发现的女性先天防御系统，可能会保护女性免受HIV-1感染。
Vaginal transmission is crucial to the spread of HIV-1 around the world. It is not yet clear what type(s) of innate defenses against HIV-1 infection are present in the vagina. Here, we aimed to determine whether human vaginal fluid contains exosomes that may possess anti-HIV-1 activity. The exosomal fraction was isolated from samples of vaginal fluids. The presence of exosomes was confirmed by flow cytometry and western blotting. The newly discovered exosomes were tested for their ability to block early steps of HIV-1 infection in vitro using established cell culture systems and real time PCR-based methods. Vaginal fluid contains exosomes expressing CD9, CD63 and CD81 exosomal markers. The exosomal fraction of the fluid reduced transmission of HIV-1 vectors by 60%, the efficiency of reverse transcription step by 58.4%, and the efficiency of integration by 47%. Exosomes had no effect on the entry of HIV-1 vectors. Human vaginal fluid exosomes are newly discovered female innate defenses that may protect women against HIV-1 infection.