Impact of water vapor content on visibility: Fog-haze conversion and its implications to pollution control
Impact of water vapor content on visibility: Fog-haze conversion and its implications to pollution control
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水蒸气含量对能见度的影响：雾霾转化及其对污染控制的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105565
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Zifa Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yingchuan Yang;Baozhu Ge;Xueshun Chen;Wenyi Yang;Zhongjie Wang;Huansheng Chen;Danhui Xu;Junhua Wang;Qixin Tan;Zifa Wang
大气水汽含量反映了整个大气中水汽的总变化，对大气能见度（维斯）有重要影响。为研究北京市维斯指数的变化规律，探讨影响维斯指数的主要因素，研究了北京市维斯指数与PM2. 5浓度、相对湿度和总柱水汽含量的关系。分析了低能见度（LVIS，维斯<10 km）过程中这些因子在雾-霾转换过程中的演变特征。基于TCWV与维斯的关系，提出了一种新的识别霾和雾的方法。结果表明，随着相对湿度、TCWV和PM2.5浓度的增加，LVIS出现的频率增加。在干燥条件下（RH ≤ 40%），维斯的变化主要受PM2. 5浓度的影响。在中等相对湿度条件下（86% > RH > 40%），维斯受TCWV和RH的影响较大。在高相对湿度和极低能见度条件下（RH > 86%，维斯<1 km），水汽被气溶胶吸收，导致霾转化为雾。这一过程导致TCWV和维斯的急剧下降，但同时增加了PM2.5的浓度。该研究为识别RH、TCWV和PM2. 5变化条件下的维斯演变提供了一种有意义的方法，有助于对LVIS事件的预测和预警。
Atmospheric water vapor content, which reflects the total change of water vapor in the whole atmosphere, has an important effect on the atmospheric visibility (VIS). To investigate the variation of the VIS in Beijing during the past decades and to address the key factors affecting the VIS, the relationships of the VIS with the PM2.5concentrations, the relative humidity (RH) and the total column water vapor (TCWV) have been explored in this study. The evolution characteristics of these factors in the fog-haze conversion process during the low-visibility (LVIS, VIS <10 km) events are also analyzed. Based on the relations between the TCWV and VIS, a novel method to distinguish haze and fog has been developed and employed in this study. The results show that the frequency of LVIS increases with the increasing of RH, TCWV and PM2.5concentration. Under dry conditions (RH ≤ 40%), the VIS variation is mainly affected by the PM2.5concentrations. Under moderate RH conditions (86% > RH > 40%), the VIS is more influenced by TCWV and RH. Under high RH and extremely low visibility conditions (RH > 86% and VIS <1 km), the water vapor is absorbed by aerosols, resulting in the conversion of haze to fog. This process leads to sharp decreases in TCWV and VIS, but an increase in PM2.5concentrations simultaneously. This study provides a meaningful approach to identify the VIS evolution under the variations of RH, TCWV and PM2.5, which is helpful to the forecasting and early warning of LVIS events.
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